An improved understanding of the roles of atomic processes and power balance in divertor target ion current loss during detachment

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Verhaegh, K. and Lipschultz, B. and Duval, B. P. and Février, O. and Fil, A. and Theiler, C. and Wensing, M. and Bowman, C. and Gahle, D. S. and Harrison, J. R. and Labit, B. and Marini, C. and Maurizio, R. and De Oliveira, H. and Reimerdes, H. and Sheikh, U. and Tsui, C. K. and Vianello, N. and Vijvers, W. A.J. (2019) An improved understanding of the roles of atomic processes and power balance in divertor target ion current loss during detachment. Nuclear Fusion, 59 (12). 126038. ISSN 0029-5515 (https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ab4251)

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Abstract

The process of divertor detachment, whereby heat and particle fluxes to divertor surfaces are strongly diminished, is required to reduce heat loading and erosion in a magnetic fusion reactor to acceptable levels. In this paper, the physics leading to the decrease of the total divertor ion current (I t), or 'roll-over', is experimentally explored on the TCV tokamak through characterization of the location, magnitude and role of the various divertor ion sinks and sources including a complete analysis of particle and power balance. These first measurements of the profiles of divertor ionisation and hydrogenic radiation along the divertor leg are enabled through novel spectroscopic techniques. Over a range in TCV plasma conditions (plasma current and electron density, with/without impurity-seeding) the I t roll-over is ascribed to a drop in the divertor ion source; recombination remains small or negligible farther into the detachment process. The ion source reduction is driven by both a reduction in the power available for ionization, P recl, and concurrent increase in the energy required per ionisation, E ion: This effect of power available on the ionization source is often described as 'power starvation' (or 'power limitation'). The detachment threshold is found experimentally (in agreement with analytic model predictions) to be ∼P recl/I t E ion ∼ 2, corresponding to a target electron temperature, T t ∼ E ion/γ where γ is the sheath transmission coefficient. The target pressure reduction, required to reduce the target ion current, is driven both by volumetric momentum loss as well as upstream pressure loss. The measured evolution through detachment of the divertor profile of various ion sources/sinks as well as power losses are quantitatively reproduced through full 2D SOLPS modelling through the detachment process as the upstream density is varied.

ORCID iDs

Verhaegh, K., Lipschultz, B., Duval, B. P., Février, O., Fil, A., Theiler, C., Wensing, M., Bowman, C., Gahle, D. S. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4434-7626, Harrison, J. R., Labit, B., Marini, C., Maurizio, R., De Oliveira, H., Reimerdes, H., Sheikh, U., Tsui, C. K., Vianello, N. and Vijvers, W. A.J.;
  • Item type:Article
    ID code:78135
    Dates:
    Date
    Event
    17 October 2019
    Published
    6 September 2019
    Accepted
    Subjects:Science > Physics
    Department:Faculty of Science > Physics
    Depositing user: Pure Administrator
    Date deposited:12 Oct 2021 10:50
    Last modified:12 Dec 2024 11:54
    Related URLs:
    URI:https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/id/eprint/78135
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