Salicylanilide inhibitors of toxoplasma gondii

Fomovska, Alina and Wood, Richard D. and Mui, Ernest and Dubey, Jitenter P. and Ferreira, Leandra R. and Hickman, Mark R. and Lee, Patricia J. and Leed, Susan E. and Auschwitz, Jennifer M. and Welsh, William J. and Sommerville, Caroline and Woods, Stuart and Roberts, Craig and Mcleod, Rima (2012) Salicylanilide inhibitors of toxoplasma gondii. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 55 (19). pp. 8375-8391. ISSN 0022-2623 (https://doi.org/10.1021/jm3007596)

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Abstract

Toxoplasma gondii ( T. gondii ) is an apicomplexan parasite that can cause eye disease, brain disease, and death, especially in congenitally infected and immune-compromised people. Novel medicines effective against both active and latent forms of the parasite are greatly needed. The current study focused on the discovery of such medicines by exploring a family of potential inhibitors whose antiapicomplexan activity has not been previously reported. Initial screening efforts revealed that niclosamide, a drug approved for anthelmintic use, possessed promising activity in vitro against T. gondii . This observation inspired the evaluation of the activity of a series of salicylanilides and derivatives. Several inhibitors with activities in the nanomolar range with no appreciable in vitro toxicity to human cells were identified. An initial structure-activity relationship was explored. Four compounds were selected for evaluation in an in vivo model of infection, and two derivatives with potentially enhanced pharmacological parameters demonstrated the best activity profiles.

ORCID iDs

Fomovska, Alina, Wood, Richard D., Mui, Ernest, Dubey, Jitenter P., Ferreira, Leandra R., Hickman, Mark R., Lee, Patricia J., Leed, Susan E., Auschwitz, Jennifer M., Welsh, William J., Sommerville, Caroline, Woods, Stuart ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3798-2074, Roberts, Craig ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0653-835X and Mcleod, Rima;
CORE (COnnecting REpositories)