Clinical effectiveness and safety of analogue glargine in type 1 diabetes : systematic review and meta-analysis

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Marra, Lays P. and Araujo, Vania E. and Silva, Thales B. C. and Diniz, Leonardo M. and Guerra Júnior, Augusto A. and Acurico, Francisco A. and Godman, Brian and Álvares, Juliana (2016) Clinical effectiveness and safety of analogue glargine in type 1 diabetes : systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Therapy, 7 (2). pp. 241-258. ISSN 1869-6961 (https://doi.org/10.1007/s13300-016-0166-y)

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Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The use of insulin analogues for the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is widespread; however, the therapeutic benefits still require further evaluation given their higher costs. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Analogue Glargine (AG) compared to Recombinant DNA insulin (rDNA) in patients with DM1 in observational studies, building on previous reviews of RCTs comparing NPH insulin and AG. METHODS: A systematic review (SR) with meta-analysis. The SR included cohort studies and registries available on PUBMED, LILACS, and CENTRAL as well as manual and gray literature searches. The meta-analysis was conducted in Review Manager ® 5.2 software. The primary outcomes were: glycohemoglobin (Hb1Ac), weight gain and hypoglycemia. Methodological quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. RESULTS: Out of 796 publications, 11 studies were finally included. The meta-analysis favored AG in Hb1Ac outcomes (adult patients) and hypoglycemic episodes (p <0.05), but without reaching glycemic control (Hb1Ac to approximately 7%). The methodological quality of the studies was moderate, noting that 45% of studies were funded by pharmaceutical companies. CONCLUSION: Given the high heterogeneity of the studies, the discrete value presented by the estimated effect on effectiveness and safety, potential conflicts of interest of the studies and the appreciable higher cost of AG, there is still no support for recommending first line therapy with analogues. The role of analogues in the treatment DM1 could be better determined by further observational studies of good methodological quality to assess their long-term effectiveness, safety as well as cost-effectiveness.

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