Natural hydrogen seeps as analogues to inform monitoring of engineered geological hydrogen storage
McMahon, Christopher J. and Roberts, Jennifer J. and Johnson, Gareth and Edlmann, Katriona and Flude, Stephanie and Shipton, Zoe K. (2023) Natural hydrogen seeps as analogues to inform monitoring of engineered geological hydrogen storage. Geological Society Special Publication, 528 (1). pp. 461-489. ISSN 0305-8719 (https://doi.org/10.1144/SP528-2022-59)
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Abstract
Engineered geological porous media hydrogen storage must be designed to ensure secure storage, and use appropriate monitoring, measurement, and verification tools. Here, we identify and characterise 60 natural hydrogen seeps as analogues for potential leakage from engineered storage reservoirs to consider implications for monitoring. We report and compare the geological and environmental setting; seepage mode (dry gas/associated with water); co-released gases; seep rates and areal fluxes; temporal variation; seep structure; gas source, and composition. Seep characteristics are determined by local geological and hydrological conditions, specifically whether hydrogen gas is seeping through soils and unconsolidated sediments, fractured bedrock, or into water. Hydrogen is typically co-emitted with other gases (CO2, CH4, N2) with CH4 the most common co-emitted gas. The structural controls on seep location and characteristics are similar between hydrogen and CO2 seeps. However, compared to CO2, hydrogen is more readily dispersed when mixing with air and hydrogen is more prone to being consumed or transformed via biotic or abiotic reactions, and so the quantity of leaked hydrogen can be greatly attenuated before seeping. Monitoring approaches should therefore be tailored to the local geology and hydrological conditions, and monitoring approaches to detect hydrogen and associated gases would be appropriate.
ORCID iDs
McMahon, Christopher J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4506-3833, Roberts, Jennifer J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4505-8524, Johnson, Gareth ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3151-5045, Edlmann, Katriona, Flude, Stephanie ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0511-0116 and Shipton, Zoe K. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2268-7750;-
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Item type: Article ID code: 81373 Dates: DateEvent30 August 2023Published22 August 2022Published Online27 June 2022Accepted28 February 2022SubmittedSubjects: Technology > Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > Environmental engineering
Science > GeologyDepartment: Faculty of Engineering > Civil and Environmental Engineering Depositing user: Pure Administrator Date deposited: 06 Jul 2022 14:28 Last modified: 03 Oct 2024 00:38 URI: https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/id/eprint/81373