A novel deep learning approach using AlexNet for the classification of electroencephalograms in Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment

Drage, Rachel and Escudero, Javier and Parra Rodriguez, Mario and Scally, Brian and Anghinah, Renato and Vitória Lacerda De Araújo, Amanda and Basile, Luis F and Abasolo, Daniel (2022) A novel deep learning approach using AlexNet for the classification of electroencephalograms in Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment. In: 44th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC'22), 2022-07-11 - 2022-07-15, Scottish Event Campus (SEC).

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Abstract

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is the term given to the stage describing prodromal AD and represents a 'risk factor' in early-stage AD diagnosis from normal cognitive decline due to ageing. The electroencephalogram (EEG) has been studied extensively for AD characterization, but reliable early-stage diagnosis continues to present a challenge. The aim of this study was to introduce a novel way of classifying between AD patients, MCI subjects and age-matched healthy control (HC) subjects using EEG-derived feature images and deep learning techniques. The EEG recordings of 141 age-matched subjects (52 AD, 37 MCI, 52 HC) were converted into 2D greyscale images representing the Pearson correlation coefficients and the distance Lempel-Ziv Complexity (dLZC) between the 21 EEG channels. Each feature type was computed from EEG epochs of 1s, 2s, 5s and 10s segmented from the original recording. The CNN architecture AlexNet was modified and employed for this three-way classification task and a 70/30 split was used for training and validation with each of the different epoch lengths and EEG-derived images. Whilst a maximum classification accuracy of 73.49% was obtained using dLZC-derived images from 10s epochs as input to the model, the classification accuracy reached 98.13% using the images obtained from Pearson correlation coefficients and 5s epochs.

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