A comparison of data-driven and model-based approaches to quantifying railway risk

Bedford, T.J. and Quigley, J.L. and French, S.; Spitzer, Cornelia and Schmocker, Ulrich and Dang, Vinh N., eds. (2004) A comparison of data-driven and model-based approaches to quantifying railway risk. In: Probabilistic Safety Assessment and Management. Springer-Verlag, London, pp. 2765-2771. ISBN 9781852338275 (https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-410-4_443)

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Abstract

This paper presents some of the results of a project sponsored by the UK Railway Safety and Standards Board (RSSB). An earlier statistical evaluation of a previous version of the RSSB Safety Risk Model (SRM), a combined Fault/Event Tree, conducted by Prof Andrew Evans had concluded that the model was unduly pessimistic. We have constructed a hypothesis test based on the relative likelihood techniques using the most recent version of the SRM as the null hypothesis. The results support the SRM being consistent with the historical data. Two significant differences between these two studies are the statistical methods employed to support the analysis and the removal of certain significant conservative assumptions from updating the versions of the SRM. The paper discusses the demands that different model purposes place on these models, and explores the question of whether or not it is meaningful to compare their outputs. The use of expected fatalities as a metric for expressing risk in both models is questioned because of the heavy-tailed form of the distribution for fatality numbers given a fatal accident.

ORCID iDs

Bedford, T.J. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3545-2088, Quigley, J.L. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7253-8470 and French, S.; Spitzer, Cornelia, Schmocker, Ulrich and Dang, Vinh N.
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