Predictive equation derived from 6,497 doubly labelled water measurements enables the detection of erroneous self-reported energy intake

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Bajunaid, Rania and Niu, Chaoqun and Hambly, Catherine and Liu, Zongfang and Yamada, Yosuke and Aleman-Mateo, Heliodoro and Anderson, Liam J and Arab, Lenore and Baddou, Issad and Bandini, Linda and Bedu-Addo, Kweku and Blaak, Ellen E and Bouten, Carlijn V C and Brage, Soren and Buchowski, Maciej S and Butte, Nancy F and Camps, Stefan G J A and Casper, Regina and Close, Graeme L and Cooper, Jamie A and Cooper, Richard and Das, Sai Krupa and Davies, Peter S W and Dabare, Prasangi and Dugas, Lara R and Eaton, Simon and Ekelund, Ulf and Entringer, Sonja and Forrester, Terrence and Fudge, Barry W and Gillingham, Melanie and Goris, Annelies H and Gurven, Michael and El Hamdouchi, Asmaa and Haisma, Hinke H and Hoffman, Daniel and Hoos, Marije B and Hu, Sumei and Joonas, Noorjehan and Joosen, Annemiek M and Katzmarzyk, Peter and Kimura, Misaka and Kraus, William E and Kriengsinyos, Wantanee and Kuriyan, Rebecca and Kushner, Robert F and Lambert, Estelle V and Lanerolle, Pulani and Larsson, Christel L and Leonard, William R and Lessan, Nader and Löf, Marie and Martin, Corby K and Matsiko, Eric and Medin, Anine C and Morehen, James C and Morton, James P and Must, Aviva and Neuhouser, Marian L and Nicklas, Theresa A and Nyström, Christine D and Ojiambo, Robert M and Pietiläinen, Kirsi H and Pitsiladis, Yannis P and Plange-Rhule, Jacob and Plasqui, Guy and Prentice, Ross L and Racette, Susan B and Raichlen, David A and Ravussin, Eric and Redman, Leanne M and Reilly, John J and Reynolds, Rebecca and Roberts, Susan B and Samaranayakem, Dulani and Sardinha, Luis B and Silva, Analiza M and Sjödin, Anders M and Stamatiou, Marina and Stice, Eric and Urlacher, Samuel S and Van Etten, Ludo M and van Mil, Edgar G A H and Wilson, George and Yanovski, Jack A and Yoshida, Tsukasa and Zhang, Xueying and Murphy-Alford, Alexia J and Sinha, Srishti and Loechl, Cornelia U and Luke, Amy H and Pontzer, Herman and Rood, Jennifer and Sagayama, Hiroyuki and Schoeller, Dale A and Westerterp, Klaas R and Wong, William W and Speakman, John R (2025) Predictive equation derived from 6,497 doubly labelled water measurements enables the detection of erroneous self-reported energy intake. Nature food, 6. pp. 58-71. ISSN 2662-1355 (https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-024-01089-5)

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Abstract

Nutritional epidemiology aims to link dietary exposures to chronic disease, but the instruments for evaluating dietary intake are inaccurate. One way to identify unreliable data and the sources of errors is to compare estimated intakes with the total energy expenditure (TEE). In this study, we used the International Atomic Energy Agency Doubly Labeled Water Database to derive a predictive equation for TEE using 6,497 measures of TEE in individuals aged 4 to 96 years. The resultant regression equation predicts expected TEE from easily acquired variables, such as body weight, age and sex, with 95% predictive limits that can be used to screen for misreporting by participants in dietary studies. We applied the equation to two large datasets (National Diet and Nutrition Survey and National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) and found that the level of misreporting was >50%. The macronutrient composition from dietary reports in these studies was systematically biased as the level of misreporting increased, leading to potentially spurious associations between diet components and body mass index.

ORCID iDs

Bajunaid, Rania, Niu, Chaoqun, Hambly, Catherine, Liu, Zongfang, Yamada, Yosuke, Aleman-Mateo, Heliodoro, Anderson, Liam J, Arab, Lenore, Baddou, Issad, Bandini, Linda, Bedu-Addo, Kweku, Blaak, Ellen E, Bouten, Carlijn V C, Brage, Soren, Buchowski, Maciej S, Butte, Nancy F, Camps, Stefan G J A, Casper, Regina, Close, Graeme L, Cooper, Jamie A, Cooper, Richard, Das, Sai Krupa, Davies, Peter S W, Dabare, Prasangi, Dugas, Lara R, Eaton, Simon, Ekelund, Ulf, Entringer, Sonja, Forrester, Terrence, Fudge, Barry W, Gillingham, Melanie, Goris, Annelies H, Gurven, Michael, El Hamdouchi, Asmaa, Haisma, Hinke H, Hoffman, Daniel, Hoos, Marije B, Hu, Sumei, Joonas, Noorjehan, Joosen, Annemiek M, Katzmarzyk, Peter, Kimura, Misaka, Kraus, William E, Kriengsinyos, Wantanee, Kuriyan, Rebecca, Kushner, Robert F, Lambert, Estelle V, Lanerolle, Pulani, Larsson, Christel L, Leonard, William R, Lessan, Nader, Löf, Marie, Martin, Corby K, Matsiko, Eric, Medin, Anine C, Morehen, James C, Morton, James P, Must, Aviva, Neuhouser, Marian L, Nicklas, Theresa A, Nyström, Christine D, Ojiambo, Robert M, Pietiläinen, Kirsi H, Pitsiladis, Yannis P, Plange-Rhule, Jacob, Plasqui, Guy, Prentice, Ross L, Racette, Susan B, Raichlen, David A, Ravussin, Eric, Redman, Leanne M, Reilly, John J ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6165-5471, Reynolds, Rebecca, Roberts, Susan B, Samaranayakem, Dulani, Sardinha, Luis B, Silva, Analiza M, Sjödin, Anders M, Stamatiou, Marina, Stice, Eric, Urlacher, Samuel S, Van Etten, Ludo M, van Mil, Edgar G A H, Wilson, George, Yanovski, Jack A, Yoshida, Tsukasa, Zhang, Xueying, Murphy-Alford, Alexia J, Sinha, Srishti, Loechl, Cornelia U, Luke, Amy H, Pontzer, Herman, Rood, Jennifer, Sagayama, Hiroyuki, Schoeller, Dale A, Westerterp, Klaas R, Wong, William W and Speakman, John R;
CORE (COnnecting REpositories)