Identifying the key determinants of a community pharmacy based bladder and bowel service

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Uren, Alan and Watson, Margaret and Dawson, Shoba and Williams, Ade and McLeod, Hugh and Chandler, David and Berry, Alice and Cotterill, Nikki (2024) Identifying the key determinants of a community pharmacy based bladder and bowel service. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, 20 (10). pp. 1006-1013. ISSN 1551-7411 (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2024.07.003)

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Abstract

Objectives: Community pharmacies and their personnel present an opportunity to implement new services for bladder and bowel continence care. Underpinned by the COM-B model of capability (C), opportunity (O), motivation (M), Behaviour (B)), this study explored the opinions of healthcare staff and users of community pharmacy services, to inform the development of a new pharmacy bladder and bowel service (PBBS). Methods: A qualitative design was adopted by conducting in-depth semi-structured interviews with pharmacy staff, users of community pharmacy services, bladder and bowel service staff, and professionals involved with commissioning services. A thematic analysis was used, and resulting themes were mapped onto the components of the COM-B model. Results: A total of 27 participants were interviewed that represented the four groups of participants. A pro-active, protocolised PBBS was envisaged, involving targeted advice and provision of self-help materials, medication support, and referral/follow-up assessment as appropriate. Training programs for pharmacy staff, adequate funding/remuneration and information technology, awareness campaigns, policy support and guidance were identified as key behavioural targets for the success of a potential PBBS. Workforce time and capacity, service user embarrassment and stigma were potential barriers. Conclusions: The study identified a range of elements to be considered in the design and implementation of a successful PBBS. Informed by the evidence presented by this study, a multi-faceted approach to co-design the service will be required to ensure it is fit for purpose for all healthcare public and policy stakeholders.

ORCID iDs

Uren, Alan, Watson, Margaret ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8198-9273, Dawson, Shoba, Williams, Ade, McLeod, Hugh, Chandler, David, Berry, Alice and Cotterill, Nikki;
CORE (COnnecting REpositories)