Performance comparison of 3D printed photoacoustic gas sensors and a commercial quartz enhanced photoacoustic spectrometer

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Dwivedi, Utkarsh and Donnachie, Mark and Ilke, Metin and Bauer, Ralf and Lengden, Michael (2024) Performance comparison of 3D printed photoacoustic gas sensors and a commercial quartz enhanced photoacoustic spectrometer. IEEE Sensors Journal, 24 (1). pp. 943-951. ISSN 1530-437X (https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2023.3335649)

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Abstract

This article presents a comparison of photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) gas sensors manufactured using different 3-D printers. The sensors have been designed with varying resonator diameters, 1 and 2 mm, and lengths, 12.34 and 30 mm, and using two different microphones, an electret microphone and a micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) microphone. The comparison showed little variation in sensor performance based on printer type or geometry. However, the MEMS microphone-based sensors showed a factor of 2–3 improved normalized noise equivalent absorption (NNEA) performance compared to sensors using the electret microphones. A commercial quartz enhanced photoacoustic sensor was additionally tested and also showed a factor of 2–3 poorer NNEA performance compared to the MEMS-based, 3-D printed photoacoustic sensors. Finally, a discussion is provided on the performance of the 3-D printed cells used in this work and previous 3-D printed PAS sensors.

ORCID iDs

Dwivedi, Utkarsh, Donnachie, Mark ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5391-236X, Ilke, Metin, Bauer, Ralf ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7927-9435 and Lengden, Michael;
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