Advanced functional biomechanical analysis of medial rotation knee arthroplasty

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Tawy, Gwenllian Fflur and Rowe, Philip and Biant, Leela (2020) Advanced functional biomechanical analysis of medial rotation knee arthroplasty. Knee, 27 (3). pp. 854-862. ISSN 0968-0160 (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.knee.2020.01.003)

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Abstract

Background: The Medacta GMK-Sphere total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is designed to mimic the movements and stabilimidty of a natural knee for optimal post-operative function and mobility. This study aimed to quantify the early functional outcome of patients with this implant. Methods: Patients due to undergo TKA to treat end-stage osteoarthritis were recruited into this study. Functional tests of knee range of motion (ROM), strength, and gait kinematics were carried out pre-operatively and one year post-operatively at routine clinics. Motion capture technology and a force transducer were used to collect all data. Normality tests were completed on all data sets to confirm normal distribution of the data, then paired t-tests were used to statistically compare the results. The level of significance was set as α = 0.05. Results: Sixty-three patients underwent pre-operative assessments; of which 30 returned one year post-operatively and consented to have follow-up testing. The operative knee was found to have poorer function than the contralateral knee pre-operatively (p < 0.05). Post-operatively, knee ROM significantly improved on the operative side to a mean of 116.1 ± 19.0. Gait kinematics also improved, especially in the frontal plane, but some abnormal traits remained in the sagittal plane. Knee strength decreased post-operatively. Conclusions: The Medacta GMK-Sphere TKA improves knee range of motion sufficiently within the first postoperative year to allow patients to carry out most activities of daily living (> 110° knee flexion), but continued poor knee strength may limit their abilities to complete tasks which are more biomechanically demanding than walking.

ORCID iDs

Tawy, Gwenllian Fflur ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9161-2325, Rowe, Philip ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4877-8466 and Biant, Leela;
CORE (COnnecting REpositories)