Introduction to the Dicke model : from equilibrium to nonequilibrium, and vice versa

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Kirton, Peter and Roses, Mor M. and Keeling, Jonathan and Torre, Emanuele G. Dalla (2019) Introduction to the Dicke model : from equilibrium to nonequilibrium, and vice versa. Advanced Quantum Technologies,, 2 (1-2). 1800043. (https://doi.org/10.1002/qute.201800043)

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Abstract

The Dicke model describes the coupling between a quantized cavity field and a large ensemble of two-level atoms. When the number of atoms tends to infinity, this model can undergo a transition to a superradiant phase, belonging to the mean-field Ising universality class. The superradiant transition was first predicted for atoms in thermal equilibrium and was recently realized with a quantum simulator made of atoms in an optical cavity, subject to both dissipation and driving. In this Progress Report, we offer an introduction to some theoretical concepts relevant to the Dicke model, reviewing the critical properties of the superradiant phase transition, and the distinction between equilibrium and nonequilibrium conditions. In addition, we explain the fundamental difference between the superradiant phase transition and the more common lasing transition. Our report mostly focuses on the steady states of atoms in single-mode optical cavities, but we also mention some aspects of real-time dynamics, as well as other quantum simulators, including superconducting qubits, trapped ions, and using spin-orbit coupling for cold atoms. These realizations differ in regard to whether they describe equilibrium or non-equilibrium systems.

ORCID iDs

Kirton, Peter ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3915-1098, Roses, Mor M., Keeling, Jonathan and Torre, Emanuele G. Dalla;
  • Item type:Article
    ID code:71350
    Dates:
    Date
    Event
    13 February 2019
    Published
    16 October 2018
    Published Online
    15 October 2018
    Accepted
    Notes:This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Kirton, P, Roses, MM, Keeling, J & Torre, EGD 2019, 'Introduction to the Dicke model: from equilibrium to nonequilibrium, and vice versa', Advanced Quantum Technologies, vol. 2, no. 1-2, 1800043, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/qute.201800043. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions.
    Subjects:Science > Physics
    Department:Faculty of Science > Physics
    Depositing user: Pure Administrator
    Date deposited:05 Feb 2020 12:32
    Last modified:22 Dec 2024 11:22
    Related URLs:
    URI:https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/id/eprint/71350
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