Unambiguous discrimination between linearly independent quantum states

Chefles, A. (1998) Unambiguous discrimination between linearly independent quantum states. Physics Letters A, 239 (6). pp. 339-347. ISSN 0375-9601 (http://dx.doi/org/10.1016/S0375-9601(98)00064-4)

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Abstract

The theory of generalised measurements is used to examine the problem of discriminating unambiguously between non-orthogonal pure quantum states. Measurements of this type never give erroneous results, although, in general, there will be a non-zero probability of a result being inconclusive. It is shown that only linearly independent states can be unambiguously discriminated. In addition to examining the general properties of such measurements, we discuss their application to entanglement concentration.