Cannabis seed identification by chloroplast and nuclear DNA

Linacre, A.M.T. and Tsai, L. and Hsieh, H. and Wang, J. and Huang, L. and Lee, J.C. (2006) Cannabis seed identification by chloroplast and nuclear DNA. Forensic Science International, 158. pp. 250-251. ISSN 0379-0738 (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2005.10.021)

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Abstract

The Control Substances Hazard Prevention Act classifies Cannabis sativa as a controlled substance under schedule II of the Act in Taiwan. The punishment for trafficking may be a sentence of up to life in prison. Huo Ma Jen is usually imported as a Chinese medicinal remedy and also as bird food. Importers of cannabis material make use of loopholes in national legislation and claim that the botanical material is from the plant known as Huo Ma Jen and as such avoids normal regulations. The term Huo Ma Jen is therefore frequently used as a cover for the importation of cannabis seeds for germination.