Utility of natural and artificial geochemical tracers for leakage monitoring and quantification during an offshore controlled CO2 release experiment
Flohr, Anita and Matter, Juerg M. and James, Rachael H. and Saw, Kevin and Brown, Robin and Gros, Jonas and Flude, Stephanie and Day, Christopher and Peel, Kate and Connelly, Douglas and Pearce, Christopher R. and Strong, James A. and Lichtschlag, Anna and Hillegonds, Darren J. and Ballentine, Christopher J. and Tyne, Rebecca L. (2021) Utility of natural and artificial geochemical tracers for leakage monitoring and quantification during an offshore controlled CO2 release experiment. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 111. 103421. ISSN 1750-5836 (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2021.103421)
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Abstract
To inform cost-effective monitoring of offshore geological storage of carbon dioxide (CO2), a unique field experiment, designed to simulate leakage of CO2 from a sub-seafloor storage reservoir, was carried out in the central North Sea. A total of 675 kg of CO2 were released into the shallow sediments (∼3 m below seafloor) for 11 days at flow rates between 6 and 143 kg d-1. A set of natural, inherent tracers (13C, 18O) of injected CO2 and added, non-toxic tracer gases (octafluoropropane, sulfur hexafluoride, krypton, methane) were used to test their applicability for CO2 leakage attribution and quantification in the marine environment. All tracers except 18O were capable of attributing the CO2 source. Tracer analyses indicate that CO2 dissolution in sediment pore waters ranged from 35 % at the lowest injection rate to 41% at the highest injection rate. Direct measurements of gas released from the sediment into the water column suggest that 22 % to 48 % of the injected CO2 exited the seafloor at, respectively, the lowest and the highest injection rate. The remainder of injected CO2 accumulated in gas pockets in the sediment. The methodologies can be used to rapidly confirm the source of leaking CO2 once seabed samples are retrieved.
ORCID iDs
Flohr, Anita, Matter, Juerg M., James, Rachael H., Saw, Kevin, Brown, Robin, Gros, Jonas, Flude, Stephanie ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0511-0116, Day, Christopher, Peel, Kate, Connelly, Douglas, Pearce, Christopher R., Strong, James A., Lichtschlag, Anna, Hillegonds, Darren J., Ballentine, Christopher J. and Tyne, Rebecca L.;-
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Item type: Article ID code: 83872 Dates: DateEvent31 October 2021Published5 September 2021Published Online28 July 2021AcceptedSubjects: Technology > Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > Environmental engineering Department: Faculty of Engineering > Civil and Environmental Engineering Depositing user: Pure Administrator Date deposited: 26 Jan 2023 14:07 Last modified: 25 Sep 2024 00:48 URI: https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/id/eprint/83872