Evaluation of HVDC system's impact and quantification of synchronous compensation for distance protection

Liu, Di and Hong, Qiteng and Dyśko, Adam and Tzelepis, Dimitrios and Yang, Guangya and Booth, Campbell and Cowan, Ian and Ponnalagan, Bharath (2022) Evaluation of HVDC system's impact and quantification of synchronous compensation for distance protection. IET Renewable Power Generation, 16 (9). pp. 1925-1940. ISSN 1752-1416 (https://doi.org/10.1049/rpg2.12460)

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Abstract

This paper presents a comprehensive evaluation of the HVDC system’s impact on distance protection via systematic and realistic experimental tests, along with theoretical analysis of the root causes of the identified compromised protection performance. A methodology for quantifying the impact of Synchronous Compensation (SC) in supporting the distance protection operation is also established. In this work, the performance of two widely used physical distance protection relays have been evaluated using a realistic Hardware‐In‐the‐Loop (HIL) testing environment, where a total of 480 cases have been tested under a wide range of system scenarios. Representative cases with compromised protection performance are selected, where issues of under/over‐reach, faulted phase selection and impedance measurement are identified and analysed. Furthermore, a method for quantifying the required SC level to address the under/over‐reach issues resulting from HVDC systems is presented. The method establishes the relationship between the angle difference of the two-end fault current infeeds of the protected line and the SC level. Based on this relationship, the required SC capacity to constrain the angle difference within a targeted limit can be estimated, which offers a useful tool for system operators to appropriately size the SC’s capacity with additional valuable insights from the distance protection perspective.

ORCID iDs

Liu, Di ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1180-5248, Hong, Qiteng ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9122-1981, Dyśko, Adam ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3658-7566, Tzelepis, Dimitrios ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4263-7299, Yang, Guangya, Booth, Campbell ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3869-4477, Cowan, Ian and Ponnalagan, Bharath;
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