Quantification of solubility trapping in natural and engineered CO2 reservoirs

Leslie, Rory and Cavanagh, Andrew J. and Haszeldine, R. Stuart and Johnson, Gareth and Gilfillan, Stuart M. V. (2021) Quantification of solubility trapping in natural and engineered CO2 reservoirs. Petroleum Geoscience, 27 (4). petgeo2020-120. petgeo2020–120. ISSN 2041-496X (https://doi.org/10.1144/petgeo2020-120)

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Abstract

Secure retention of CO 2 in geological reservoirs is essential for effective storage. Solubility trapping, the dissolution of CO 2 into formation water, is a major sink on geological timescales in natural CO 2 reservoirs. Observations during CO 2 injection, combined with models of CO 2 reservoirs, indicate the immediate onset of solubility trapping. There is uncertainty regarding the evolution of dissolution rates between the observable engineered timescale of years and decades, and the >10 kyr state represented by natural CO 2 reservoirs. A small number of studies have constrained dissolution rates within natural analogues. The studies show that solubility trapping is the principal storage mechanism after structural trapping, removing 10– 50% of CO 2 across whole reservoirs. Natural analogues, engineered reservoirs and model studies produce a wide range of estimates on the fraction of CO 2 dissolved and the dissolution rate. Analogue and engineered reservoirs do not show the high fractions of dissolved CO 2 seen in several models. Evidence from natural analogues supports a model of most dissolution occurring during emplacement and migration, before the establishment of a stable gas–water contact. A rapid decline in CO 2 dissolution rate over time suggests that analogue reservoirs are in dissolution equilibrium for most of the CO 2 residence time.

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