A review of cyber-ranges and test-beds : current and future trends

Tools

Ukwandu, Elochukwu and Ben Farah, Mohamed Amine and Hindy, Hanan and Brosset, David and Kavallieros, Dimitris and Atkinson, Robert and Tachtatzis, Christos and Bureš, Miroslav and Andonovic, Ivan and Bellekens, Xavier (2020) A review of cyber-ranges and test-beds : current and future trends. Sensors, 20 (24). 7148. ISSN 1424-8220 (https://doi.org/10.3390/s20247148)

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Abstract

Cyber situational awareness has been proven to be of value in forming a comprehensive understanding of threats and vulnerabilities within organisations, as the degree of exposure is governed by the prevailing levels of cyber-hygiene and established processes. A more accurate assessment of the security provision informs on the most vulnerable environments that necessitate more diligent management. The rapid proliferation in the automation of cyber-attacks is reducing the gap between information and operational technologies and the need to review the current levels of robustness against new sophisticated cyber-attacks, trends, technologies and mitigation countermeasures has become pressing. A deeper characterisation is also the basis with which to predict future vulnerabilities in turn guiding the most appropriate deployment technologies. Thus, refreshing established practices and the scope of the training to support the decision making of users and operators. The foundation of the training provision is the use of Cyber-Ranges (CRs) and Test-Beds (TBs), platforms/tools that help inculcate a deeper understanding of the evolution of an attack and the methodology to deploy the most impactful countermeasures to arrest breaches. In this paper, an evaluation of documented CR and TB platforms is evaluated. CRs and TBs are segmented by type, technology, threat scenarios, applications and the scope of attainable training. To enrich the analysis of documented CR and TB research and cap the study, a taxonomy is developed to provide a broader comprehension of the future of CRs and TBs. The taxonomy elaborates on the CRs/TBs dimensions, as well as, highlighting a diminishing differentiation between application areas.

ORCID iDs

Ukwandu, Elochukwu, Ben Farah, Mohamed Amine ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0135-9942, Hindy, Hanan, Brosset, David, Kavallieros, Dimitris, Atkinson, Robert ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6206-2229, Tachtatzis, Christos ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9150-6805, Bureš, Miroslav, Andonovic, Ivan ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9093-5245 and Bellekens, Xavier ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1849-5788;
CORE (COnnecting REpositories)