Sphingosine 1-phosphate turnover (version 2019.4) in the IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology Database
Pyne, Nigel J and Pyne, Susan (2019) Sphingosine 1-phosphate turnover (version 2019.4) in the IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology Database. IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology CITE, 2019 (4). ISSN 2633-1020 (https://doi.org/10.2218/gtopdb/F776/2019.4)
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Abstract
S1P (sphingosine 1-phosphate) is a bioactive lipid which, after release from cells via certain transporters, acts as a ligand for a family of five S1P-specific G protein-coupled receptors (S1P1-5). However, it also has a number of intracellular targets. S1P is formed by the ATP-dependent phosphorylation of sphingosine, catalysed by two isoforms of sphingosine kinase (EC 2.7.1.91). It can be dephosphorylated back to sphingosine by sphingosine 1-phosphate phosphatase (EC 3.1.3) or cleaved into phosphoethanolamine and hexadecenal by sphingosine 1-phosphate lyase (EC 4.1.2.27). Recessive mutations in the S1P lyase (SPL) gene underlie a recently identified sphingolipidosis: SPL Insufficiency Syndrome (SPLIS). In general, S1P promotes cell survival, proliferation, migration, adhesion and inhibition of apoptosis. Intracellular S1P affects epigenetic regulation, endosomal processing, mitochondrial function and cell proliferation/senescence. S1P has myriad physiological functions, including vascular development, lymphocyte trafficking and neurogenesis. However, S1P is also involved in a number of diseases such as cancer, inflammation and fibrosis. Therefore, its GPCRs and enzymes of synthesis and degradation are a major focus for drug discovery.
ORCID iDs
Pyne, Nigel J ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5657-4578 and Pyne, Susan ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6608-9584;-
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Item type: Article ID code: 70442 Dates: DateEvent16 September 2019Published2 August 2019AcceptedSubjects: Medicine > Pharmacy and materia medica Department: Faculty of Science > Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences Depositing user: Pure Administrator Date deposited: 06 Nov 2019 14:23 Last modified: 31 Aug 2024 01:01 URI: https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/id/eprint/70442