Biolubricants from waste cooking oil : a review of extraction technologies, conversion techniques, and performance enhancement using natural antioxidants
Teh, Jia Leang and Walvekar, Rashmi and Ho, Kah Chun and Khalid, Mohammad (2025) Biolubricants from waste cooking oil : a review of extraction technologies, conversion techniques, and performance enhancement using natural antioxidants. Journal of Environmental Management, 375. 124267. ISSN 0301-4797 (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.124267)
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Abstract
Effective management of agricultural and industrial by-products is essential for promoting circular economic practices and enhancing environmental sustainability. Agri-food wastes and waste cooking oil (WCO) represent two abundant residual streams with significant potential for sustainable biolubricant production. Valorizing biomass and WCO aligns with Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 7, as it improves energy efficiency through enhanced lubricant performance and reduced energy loss. Furthermore, this sustainable approach contributes to SDG 12 and SDG 13 by minimizing waste production and accumulation, thereby mitigating negative environmental impacts and climate change. This critical review addresses existing gaps in the production of biolubricants from WCO and the incorporation of natural antioxidants as versatile additives. It examines and compares various techniques for the extraction, chemical and physical modification, and characterization of WCO-derived biolubricants. Specific methods, including esterification, transesterification, and antioxidant incorporation, are evaluated for their effectiveness in converting WCO into biolubricants. The review also discusses the influence of residual bioactive compounds on oxidative stability and lubricating properties. While vegetable oils demonstrate superior friction-reducing capabilities compared to petroleum-based lubricants, their triglyceride structure often results in poor oxidative stability, limiting their practical applications. Modification strategies and antioxidant inclusion are proposed to enhance this stability. A comprehensive analysis of the physicochemical properties and tribological performance of biolubricants, both pre- and post-processing, is presented. This systematic evaluation of extraction and upgrading methodologies aims to facilitate the development and industrial adoption of sustainable biolubricants.
ORCID iDs
Teh, Jia Leang, Walvekar, Rashmi
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Item type: Article ID code: 92357 Dates: DateEvent28 February 2025Published29 January 2025Published Online19 January 2025Accepted12 October 2024SubmittedSubjects: Technology > Chemical engineering
Technology > Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > Environmental engineeringDepartment: Faculty of Engineering > Chemical and Process Engineering Depositing user: Pure Administrator Date deposited: 17 Mar 2025 12:30 Last modified: 25 Mar 2025 17:12 Related URLs: URI: https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/id/eprint/92357