Investigation of grid-forming and grid-following converter multi-machine interactions under different control architectures

Benedetti, Luke and Paspatis, Alexandros and Papadopoulos, Panagiotis N. and Egea-Àlvarez, Agustí and Hatziargyriou, Nikos (2024) Investigation of grid-forming and grid-following converter multi-machine interactions under different control architectures. Electric Power Systems Research, 234. 110813. ISSN 0378-7796 (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2024.110813)

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Abstract

The proliferation of converter-interfaced generation necessitates the investigation of novel small-signal multi-machine interactions. The flexibility and lack of standardisation of converter control approaches results in a plethora of potential implementations, bringing different dynamics that can interact with each other and existing elements of the power system. This paper performs a small-signal analysis of power systems with the inclusion of grid-forming and grid-following converters for varying combinations of common control architectures, in terms of cascaded control loops, within the literature. Investigations are performed for a two-machine system and the WSCC 9-bus (three-machine) system. As well as interaction identification and characterisation, the impact of varying transmission line lengths, system loading, and generation dispatch are investigated.

ORCID iDs

Benedetti, Luke, Paspatis, Alexandros, Papadopoulos, Panagiotis N. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7343-2590, Egea-Àlvarez, Agustí ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1286-6699 and Hatziargyriou, Nikos;
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