Association between chronotype and physical behaviours in adolescent girls

Plekhanova, Tatiana and Crawley, Emily and Davies, Melanie J. and Gorely, Trish and Harrington, Deirdre M. and Ioannidou, Ekaterini and Khunti, Kamlesh and Rowlands, Alex V. and Sherar, Lauren B. and Yates, Tom and Edwardson, Charlotte L. (2023) Association between chronotype and physical behaviours in adolescent girls. Children, 10 (5). 819. ISSN 2227-9067 (https://doi.org/10.3390/children10050819)

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to (1) describe accelerometer-assessed physical behaviours by chronotype, and (2) examine the association between chronotype and accelerometer-assessed physical behaviours in a cohort of adolescent girls. Chronotype (single question) and physical behaviours (GENEActiv accelerometer on the non-dominant wrist) were assessed in 965 adolescent girls (13.9 ± 0.8 years). Linear mixed-effects models examined the relationships among chronotype and physical behaviours (time in bed, total sleep time, sleep efficiency, sedentary time, overall, light and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity) on weekdays and weekend days. Over the 24 h day, participants spent 46% sedentary, 20% in light activity, 3% in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, and 31% in ‘time in bed’. Seventy percent of participants identified as 'evening' chronotypes. Compared to evening chronotypes, morning chronotypes engaged in less sedentary time (10 min/day) and had higher overall physical activity (1.3 mg/day, ~30 min of slow walking) on weekdays. Most girls identified as evening chronotypes with a large proportion of their day spent sedentary and a small amount in physical activities which may be exacerbated in evening chronotypes on weekdays. The results maybe be important for programmes aiming to promote physical activity in adolescent girls.

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