Sensing of bacterial spores with 2D-IR spectroscopy

Procacci, Barbara and Rutherford, Samantha H. and Greetham, Gregory M. and Towrie, Michael and Parker, Anthony W. and Robinson, Camilla V. and Howle, Christopher R. and Hunt, Neil T.; Guicheteau, Jason A. and Howle, Chris R., eds. (2021) Sensing of bacterial spores with 2D-IR spectroscopy. In: Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosives (CBRNE) Sensing XXII. Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering . SPIE, USA. ISBN 9781510643352 (https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2585894)

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Abstract

Ultrafast 2D-IR spectroscopy has proved to be a powerful analytical tool for the detection and differentiation of Bacillus spores as dry films on surfaces. Here, we expand on these findings by employing 2D-IR spectroscopy to study spores from B. atrophaeus (BG) in aqueous solution. Specific vibrational modes attributable to the calcium dipicolinate trihydrate biomarker for spore formation were observed alongside distinctive off-diagonal spectral features that can be used to differentiate spores from different Bacillus species, indicating that 2D-IR has potential for use as a sensing platform with both solid and liquid phase samples. The ability of 2D-IR to enhance the protein amide I band relative to the overlapping water bending vibration was exploited to compare the nature of the protein component of spores to that of solution phase protein molecules. The vibrational lifetime for the amide I band of the BG spore in H2O was 1.4 ± 0.1 ps, longer than those reported for the proteins in H2O solution. The nature of a band at 1710 cm-1 was also investigated. Collectively these results show the potential advantages of 2D-IR spectroscopy, with successful detection and classification of spores under different conditions being based on detailed molecular understanding of the spore state.

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