Scalable and effective multi-level entangled photon states : a promising tool to boost quantum technologies

Sciara, Stefania and Roztocki, Piotr and Fischer, Bennet and Reimer, Christian and Romero Cortés, Luis and Munro, William J. and Moss, David J. and Cino, Alfonso C. and Caspani, Lucia and Kues, Michael and Azaña, José and Morandotti, Roberto (2021) Scalable and effective multi-level entangled photon states : a promising tool to boost quantum technologies. Nanophotonics, 10 (18). pp. 4447-4465. ISSN 2192-8614 (https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2021-0510)

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Abstract

Multi-level (qudit) entangled photon states are a key resource for both fundamental physics and advanced applied science, as they can significantly boost the capabilities of novel technologies such as quantum communications, cryptography, sensing, metrology, and computing. The benefits of using photons for advanced applications draw on their unique properties: photons can propagate over long distances while preserving state coherence, and they possess multiple degrees of freedom (such as time and frequency) that allow scalable access to higher dimensional state encoding, all while maintaining low platform footprint and complexity. In the context of out-of-lab use, photon generation and processing through integrated devices and off-the-shelf components are in high demand. Similarly, multi-level entanglement detection must be experimentally practical, i.e., ideally requiring feasible single-qudit projections and high noise tolerance. Here, we focus on multi-level optical Bell and cluster states as a critical resource for quantum technologies, as well as on universal witness operators for their feasible detection and entanglement characterization. Time- and frequency-entangled states are the main platform considered in this context. We review a promising approach for the scalable, cost-effective generation and processing of these states by using integrated quantum frequency combs and fiber-based devices, respectively. We finally report an experimentally practical entanglement identification and characterization technique based on witness operators that is valid for any complex photon state and provides a good compromise between experimental feasibility and noise robustness. The results reported here can pave the way toward boosting the implementation of quantum technologies in integrated and widely accessible photonic platforms.

ORCID iDs

Sciara, Stefania, Roztocki, Piotr, Fischer, Bennet, Reimer, Christian, Romero Cortés, Luis, Munro, William J., Moss, David J., Cino, Alfonso C., Caspani, Lucia ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2711-0448, Kues, Michael, Azaña, José and Morandotti, Roberto;
  • Item type:Article
    ID code:78683
    Dates:
    Date
    Event
    3 December 2021
    Published
    8 November 2021
    Published Online
    22 October 2021
    Accepted
    Subjects:Science > Physics
    Department:Faculty of Science > Physics
    Depositing user: Pure Administrator
    Date deposited:24 Nov 2021 15:49
    Last modified:11 Nov 2024 13:18
    URI:https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/id/eprint/78683
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