High-throughput electrical characterization of nanomaterials from room to cryogenic temperatures

Smith, Luke W. and Batey, Jack O. and Alexander-Webber, Jack A. and Fan, Ye and Hsieh, Yu Chiang and Fung, S. and Jevtics, Dimitars and Robertson, Joshua and Guilhabert, Benoit J.E. and Strain, Michael J. and Dawson, Martin D. and Hurtado, Antonio and Griffiths, Jonathan P. and Beere, Harvey E. and Jagadish, Chennupati and Burton, Oliver J. and Hofmann, Stephan and Chen, Tse Ming and Ritchie, David A. and Kelly, Michael and Joyce, Hannah J. and Smith, Charles G. (2020) High-throughput electrical characterization of nanomaterials from room to cryogenic temperatures. ACS Nano, 14 (11). pp. 15293-15305. ISSN 1936-0851 (https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.0c05622)

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Abstract

We present multiplexer methodology and hardware for nanoelectronic device characterization. This high-throughput and scalable approach to testing large arrays of nanodevices operates from room temperature to milli-Kelvin temperatures and is universally compatible with different materials and integration techniques. We demonstrate the applicability of our approach on two archetypal nanomaterials-graphene and semiconductor nanowires-integrated with a GaAs-based multiplexer using wet or dry transfer methods. A graphene film grown by chemical vapor deposition is transferred and patterned into an array of individual devices, achieving 94% yield. Device performance is evaluated using data fitting methods to obtain electrical transport metrics, showing mobilities comparable to nonmultiplexed devices fabricated on oxide substrates using wet transfer techniques. Separate arrays of indium-arsenide nanowires and micromechanically exfoliated monolayer graphene flakes are transferred using pick-and-place techniques. For the nanowire array mean values for mobility μFE = 880/3180 cm2 V-1 s-1 (lower/upper bound), subthreshold swing 430 mV dec-1, and on/off ratio 3.1 decades are extracted, similar to nonmultiplexed devices. In another array, eight mechanically exfoliated graphene flakes are transferred using techniques compatible with fabrication of two-dimensional superlattices, with 75% yield. Our results are a proof-of-concept demonstration of a versatile platform for scalable fabrication and cryogenic characterization of nanomaterial device arrays, which is compatible with a broad range of nanomaterials, transfer techniques, and device integration strategies from the forefront of quantum technology research.

ORCID iDs

Smith, Luke W., Batey, Jack O., Alexander-Webber, Jack A., Fan, Ye, Hsieh, Yu Chiang, Fung, S., Jevtics, Dimitars ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6678-8334, Robertson, Joshua, Guilhabert, Benoit J.E. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3986-8566, Strain, Michael J. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9752-3144, Dawson, Martin D. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6639-2989, Hurtado, Antonio ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4448-9034, Griffiths, Jonathan P., Beere, Harvey E., Jagadish, Chennupati, Burton, Oliver J., Hofmann, Stephan, Chen, Tse Ming, Ritchie, David A., Kelly, Michael, Joyce, Hannah J. and Smith, Charles G.;
CORE (COnnecting REpositories)