Efficient tomography of a quantum many-body system

Lanyon, B. P. and Maier, C. and Holzäpfel, M. and Baumgratz, T. and Hempel, C. and Jurcevic, P. and Dhand, I. and Buyskikh, A. S. and Daley, A. J. and Cramer, M. and Plenio, M B and Blatt, R. and Roos, C. F. (2017) Efficient tomography of a quantum many-body system. Nature Physics, 13. 1158–1162. ISSN 1745-2473 (https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys4244)

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Abstract

Quantum state tomography (QST) is the gold standard technique for obtaining an estimate for the state of small quantum systems in the laboratory [1]. Its application to systems with more than a few constituents (e.g. particles) soon becomes impractical as the e ff ort required grows exponentially with the number of constituents. Developing more e ffi cient techniques is particularly pressing as precisely-controllable quantum systems that are well beyond the reach of QST are emerging in laboratories. Motivated by this, there is a considerable ongoing e ff ort to develop new state characterisation tools for quantum many-body systems [2–11]. Here we demonstrate Matrix Product State (MPS) tomography [2], which is theoretically proven to allow the states of a broad class of quantum systems to be accurately estimated with an e ff ort that increases e ffi ciently with constituent number. We use the technique to reconstruct the dynamical state of a trapped-ion quantum simulator comprising up to 14 entangled and individually-controlled spins (qubits): a size far beyond the practical limits of QST. Our results reveal the dynamical growth of entanglement and description complexity as correlations spread out during a quench: a necessary condition for future beyond-classical performance. MPS tomography should therefore find widespread use to study large quantum many-body systems and to benchmark and verify quantum simulators and computers.

ORCID iDs

Lanyon, B. P., Maier, C., Holzäpfel, M., Baumgratz, T., Hempel, C., Jurcevic, P., Dhand, I., Buyskikh, A. S. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4542-7086, Daley, A. J. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9005-7761, Cramer, M., Plenio, M B, Blatt, R. and Roos, C. F.;
  • Item type:Article
    ID code:61624
    Dates:
    Date
    Event
    4 September 2017
    Published
    4 September 2017
    Published Online
    25 July 2017
    Accepted
    Subjects:Science > Physics
    Department:Faculty of Science > Physics
    Depositing user: Pure Administrator
    Date deposited:23 Aug 2017 09:05
    Last modified:19 Nov 2024 01:10
    Related URLs:
    URI:https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/id/eprint/61624
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