DHHC palmitoyl transferases : substrate interactions and (patho)physiology

Greaves, Jennifer and Chamberlain, Luke H (2011) DHHC palmitoyl transferases : substrate interactions and (patho)physiology. Trends in Biochemical Sciences, 36 (5). pp. 245-253. ISSN 0968-0004 (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tibs.2011.01.003)

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Abstract

S-palmitoylation is a reversible post-translational modification that occurs on diverse cellular proteins. Palmitoylation can affect proteins in many different ways, including regulating membrane attachment, intracellular trafficking, and membrane micro-localisation. Intracellular palmitoylation reactions are mediated by a family of recently identified aspartate-histidine-histidine-cysteine (DHHC) palmitoyl transferases. More than 20 DHHC proteins are encoded by mammalian genomes, and there is now a major effort to identify DHHC-substrate pairings and to determine how interaction specificity is encoded. Recent studies have highlighted how DHHC proteins regulate cell function and influence physiology and pathophysiology.