Length scales and polarization properties of annular standing waves in circular broad-area vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers

Schulz-Ruhtenberg, M. and Tanguy, Y. and Jager, R. and Ackemann, T. (2009) Length scales and polarization properties of annular standing waves in circular broad-area vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers. Applied Physics B: Lasers and Optics, 97 (2). pp. 397-403. ISSN 0946-2171 (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-009-3718-2)

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Abstract

It is shown that the 'flower-like' emission patterns along the perimeter of broad-area circular vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers can be interpreted in a first approximation as annular standing waves. Their modulation period follows the dispersion relation of tilted plane waves for a plano-planar cavity. For high enough divergence angle, they show a very peculiar polarization behavior of radial polarization in near field and azimuthal polarization in far field. The polarization selection is qualitatively explained by the breaking of the isotropy between s- and p-components for waves propagating off axis in the Bragg reflectors.

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