A high-fat meal induces low-grade endotoxemia: evidence of a novel mechanism of postprandial inflammation
Erridge, Clett and Attina, T. and Spickett, C.M. and Webb, David J. (2007) A high-fat meal induces low-grade endotoxemia: evidence of a novel mechanism of postprandial inflammation. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 86 (5). pp. 1286-1292. ISSN 0002-9165 (http://www.ajcn.org/cgi/reprint/86/5/1286)
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Bacterial endotoxin is a potently inflammatory antigen that is abundant in the human gut. Endotoxin circulates at low concentrations in the blood of all healthy individuals, although elevated concentrations are associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis. We sought to determine whether a high-fat meal or smoking increases plasma endotoxin concentrations and whether such concentrations are of physiologic relevance. Plasma endotoxin and endotoxin neutralization capacity were measured for 4 h in 12 healthy men after no meal, 3 cigarettes, a high-fat meal, or a high-fat meal with 3 cigarettes by using the limulus assay. Baseline endotoxin concentrations were 8.2 pg/mL (interquartile range: 3.4-13.5 pg/mL) but increased significantly (P < 0.05) by 50% after a high-fat meal or after a high-fat meal with cigarettes but not after no meal or cigarettes alone. These results were validated by the observations that a high-fat meal with or without cigarettes, but not no meal or smoking, also significantly (P < 0.05) reduced plasma endotoxin neutralization capacity, which is an indirect measure of endotoxin exposure. Human monocytes, but not aortic endothelial cells, were responsive to transient (30 s) or low-dose (10 pg/mL) exposure to endotoxin. However, plasma from whole blood treated with as little as 10 pg endotoxin/mL increased the endothelial cell expression of E-selectin, at least partly via tumor necrosis factor--induced cellular activation. Low-grade endotoxemia may contribute to the postprandial inflammatory state and could represent a novel potential contributor to endothelial activation and the development of atherosclerosis.
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Item type: Article ID code: 17133 Dates: DateEventNovember 2007PublishedSubjects: Medicine > Public aspects of medicine > Personal health and hygiene, including exercise, nutrition
Science > Natural history > Biology
Medicine > Internal medicineDepartment: Faculty of Science > Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences Depositing user: Strathprints Administrator Date deposited: 23 Apr 2010 13:47 Last modified: 29 Nov 2024 23:25 URI: https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/id/eprint/17133