ORIS-assisted SWIPT Underwater OWC System with different transmission protocols

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Al-Sallami, Farah Mahdi and Ata, Yalçın and Zedini, Emna and Vegni, Anna Maria and Rajbhandari, Sujan (2026) ORIS-assisted SWIPT Underwater OWC System with different transmission protocols. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 74. pp. 10448-10462. ISSN 0090-6778 (https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2026.3701859)

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Abstract

In Internet of Underwater Things (IoUT) scenarios, power-hungry devices need to periodically harvest energy to be alive. By dynamically controlling and redirecting the optical beam, reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) can enhance both the energy transfer and information reception processes, thereby improving the sustainability of low-power underwater devices. Simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) systems allows to harvest energy and receive data from the transmitted optical beam, thus feeding the low-power receiver (Rx) while downloading data. However, realistic underwater scenario can strongly affect the performance of such systems. This paper investigates the performance of ORIS-assisted SWIPT system under a realistic unified channel model for underwater optical wireless communications (OWC), considering both coherent and non-coherent detection schemes. Considering multiple attenuation losses, underwater turbulence, pointing error, and angle of arrival deviation, we derive the joint outage probability of an ORIS-aided SWIPT OWC system for different transmission protocols based on different resources that are allocated. Three approaches are investigated i.e., (i) power-splitting (PS), (ii) time-switching (TS), and (iii) element-splitting (ES). While PS and TS are based on all-passive RIS elements, ES considers hybrid (active and passive) elements. Simulation results show enhanced performance obtained with ES approach for low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), while PS outperforms ES for high SNR.

ORCID iDs

Al-Sallami, Farah Mahdi, Ata, Yalçın, Zedini, Emna, Vegni, Anna Maria and Rajbhandari, Sujan ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8742-118X;
CORE (COnnecting REpositories)