A novel non-invasive non-recursive impedance estimation strategy for converter dominated systems : an approach for wind farms

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Pourmirasghariyan, Mirhamed and Campos-Gaona, David and Papadopoulos, Panagiotis N. and Anaya-Lara, Olimpo and Rogdakis, Georgios and Perez-Martinez, Helena (2026) A novel non-invasive non-recursive impedance estimation strategy for converter dominated systems : an approach for wind farms. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 75. 9004215. ISSN 0018-9456 (https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2026.3687337)

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Abstract

This article proposes a strategy for estimating the output admittance of a converter and the impedance of a network simultaneously. The strategy is based on an optimized P - Q perturbation through the supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system, which ensures that the system’s operating point is fairly maintained by minimizing the phase locked loop (PLL) error. To achieve this, a mathematical relationship between the PLL error and active and reactive powers is derived through the phasor diagram (PD), and then an optimization problem is proposed to inject a wide-band multisine perturbation through the P - Q channels optimally. The proposed strategy brings about several advantages that address some of the drawbacks of the existing methods, such as being noninvasive, economical, nonrecursive, online, and accurate. Moreover, in the grid-following converters, the output admittance is very sensitive to the PLL performance. Hence, the proposed strategy is suitable for grid-forming converters where there is no PLL. In this article, a detailed industry-based benchmark power system containing an offshore wind farm (OWF) is studied and assessed in collaboration with the collaboration of Ocean Winds (OW) company. Simulations are conducted in MATLAB/PSCAD models to verify the validity of the proposed strategy. Downscale experimental verification is provided to validate the performance of the proposed strategy.

ORCID iDs

Pourmirasghariyan, Mirhamed, Campos-Gaona, David ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0347-6288, Papadopoulos, Panagiotis N., Anaya-Lara, Olimpo ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5250-5877, Rogdakis, Georgios and Perez-Martinez, Helena;
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