Novel dynamic inertia damping enhancement of droop control for grid-forming converters

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Colak, Ayse and Abouyehia, Mohamed and Ahmed, Khaled (2026) Novel dynamic inertia damping enhancement of droop control for grid-forming converters. IET Power Electronics, 19 (1). e70219. ISSN 1755-4543 (https://doi.org/10.1049/pel2.70219)

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Abstract

This paper introduces a novel dynamic inertia damping method specifically designed to improve droop control for grid-forming converters. Significant focus is placed on the development of a mathematical formulation that dynamically adjusts inertia based on frequency variations and active power. This adaptive method is critical, as it modulates the virtual inertia in real time to aggressively suppress oscillations during transients while ensuring stability. The proposed method is integrated into the traditional droop control framework to significantly enhance its damping characteristics, particularly in environments with high levels of renewable energy sources. Comprehensive stability studies are performed on the system incorporating the proposed method. This investigation begins with an analysis of equilibrium points to ensure steady-state feasibility under varying operating conditions. Subsequently, a rigorous small-signal analysis is conducted to evaluate the dynamic performance and stability margins of the proposed method. Validation is then carried out using the IEEE 9-bus system with simulations on the PLECS platform. The validation includes three case studies: a 50-MW step load disturbance, a transmission line disconnection event, and a comparative performance analysis against state-of-the-art damping methods. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in providing more responsive and adaptive damping characteristics.

ORCID iDs

Colak, Ayse, Abouyehia, Mohamed ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8569-4763 and Ahmed, Khaled ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7912-8140;
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