Derivative-based method for high-speed frequency estimation in low-inertia future grids

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Abouyehia, Mohamed and Nasser, Reem and Egea-Àlvarez, Agustí and Ahmed, Khaled H.; (2025) Derivative-based method for high-speed frequency estimation in low-inertia future grids. In: 2025 10th IEEE Workshop on the Electronic Grid (eGRID). IEEE Electronic Power Grid (eGrid) . IEEE, GBR. ISBN 9798331593643 (https://doi.org/10.1109/egrid63452.2025.11255428)

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Abstract

This paper presents a frequency estimation method that surpasses conventional phase-locked loop (PLL)-based methods in both speed and accuracy. The proposed method utilizes the mathematical properties of trigonometric function derivatives, coupled with the unique oscillation behavior of the dq frame, to detect frequency variations. By transforming voltage waveforms into the dq frame and incorporating the cross product of normalized dq components and their derivatives, the method swiftly identifies frequency variations. It delivers rapid and accurate estimations, meeting the demands for real-time monitoring in low-inertia power systems. To enhance robustness in noisy environments, a Butterworth filter is integrated to mitigate noise amplification effects. The proposed method is validated through extensive simulation analysis using MATLAB/SIMULINK in both noisy and non-noisy conditions. Comparative results demonstrate that the derivative-based approach significantly outperforms the PLL method, particularly in response time and accuracy during transient periods.

ORCID iDs

Abouyehia, Mohamed ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8569-4763, Nasser, Reem, Egea-Àlvarez, Agustí ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1286-6699 and Ahmed, Khaled H. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7912-8140;
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