Falkner–Skan equation for bi‐viscosity nanofluid flow over a stretching wedge surface and suction/injection

Tools

Mahabaleshwar, Ulavathi Shettar and Maranna, Thippaiah and Swaminathan, Nedunchezhian and Miller, Laura and Penta, Raimondo (2025) Falkner–Skan equation for bi‐viscosity nanofluid flow over a stretching wedge surface and suction/injection. Zeitschrift fur Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik, 105 (9). e70198. ISSN 0044-2267 (https://doi.org/10.1002/zamm.70198)

[thumbnail of Z Angew Math Mech - 2025 - Mahabaleshwar - Falkner Skan equation for bi‐viscosity nanofluid flow over a stretching wedge]
Preview
 Text. Filename: Z_Angew_Math_Mech_-_2025_-_Mahabaleshwar_-_Falkner_Skan_equation_for_bi_viscosity_nanofluid_flow_over_a_stretching_wedge.pdf
Final Published Version
License: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 logo
Download (4MB)| Preview

Abstract

Traditional fluids have low thermal conductivity and their utility in engineering is well established. Hence, in order to enhance heat transfer features in a variety of disciplines, notably electronics, medicine, and molten metals, scientists and researchers have developed nanofluids, which are composed of nanoparticles dispersed in a base fluid. This article addresses the Falkner–Skan equation for the boundary layer flow of bi‐viscosity nanofluids owing to a stretching wedge surface in the presence of velocity slip as well as suction/injection effect. The iron oxide nanoparticle ( F e 3 O 4 $Fe_3O_4$ ) is dissolved in water to create the nanofluid. By employing similarity conversions, the governing Falkner–Skan equations are first converted to the associated nonlinear similarity models. These are ordinary differential equations which are then solved analytically. Dual solutions are obtained when the stretching parameter is equal to − 1 $-1$ , for all values of the suction/injection parameter and for each required value of velocity slip, whilst incorporating the impenetrable surface. For very large values of the stretching parameter, the asymptotic solution is also dual with regard to the wall velocity slip; however, it does not rely on suction or injection. The prominent parameters namely, the velocity slip, the stretching parameter, the solid volume fraction, the suction/blowing parameter and the bi‐viscosity parameter are investigated to understand the effects they have on the velocity and skin friction profiles. The results of this analysis are presented graphically. The suction/injection parameter is found to suppress the velocity profile. However, the velocity slip is enhanced by raising the velocity of the nanoparticle.

ORCID iDs

Mahabaleshwar, Ulavathi Shettar, Maranna, Thippaiah, Swaminathan, Nedunchezhian, Miller, Laura ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8350-1887 and Penta, Raimondo;
CORE (COnnecting REpositories)