Single-shot reconstruction of electron beam longitudinal phase space in a laser wakefield accelerator

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Ma, Y. and Streeter, M. J. V. and Albert, F. and Bourgeois, N. and Cipiccia, S. and Cole, J. M. and Dann, S. J. D. and Falk, K. and Gerstmayr, E. and Gallardo González, I. and Higginbotham, A. and Hussein, A. E. and Jaroszynski, D. A. and Joglekar, A. S. and Kettle, B. and Krushelnick, K. and Lemos, N. and Lopes, N. C. and Lumsden, C. and Lundh, O. and Mangles, S. P. D. and Miller, K. G. and Mori, W. and Najmudin, Z. and Qian, Q. and Rajeev, P. P. and Seipt, D. and Shahzad, M. and Šmíd, M. and Spesyvtsev, R. and Symes, D. R. and Vieux, G. and Willingale, L. and Wood, J. C. and Thomas, A. G. R. (2025) Single-shot reconstruction of electron beam longitudinal phase space in a laser wakefield accelerator. Physical Review X, 15 (3). 031062. ISSN 2160-3308 (https://doi.org/10.1103/sxqf-l6mp)

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Abstract

We report on a single-shot longitudinal phase-space reconstruction diagnostic for electron beams in a laser wakefield accelerator via the experimental observation of distinct periodic modulations in the angularly resolved spectra. Such modulated angular spectra arise as a result of the direct interaction between the ultrarelativistic electron beam and the laser driver in the presence of the wakefield. A constrained theoretical model for the coupled oscillator, assisted by a genetic algorithm, can recreate the experimental electron spectra and, thus, fully reconstructs the longitudinal phase-space distribution of the electron beam with a temporal resolution of approximately 1.3 fs. In particular, it reveals the slice energy spread of the electron beam, which is important to measure for applications such as x-ray free electron lasers. In our experiment, the root-mean-square slice energy spread retrieved is bounded at 9.9 MeV, corresponding to a 0.9%–3.0% relative spread, despite the overall GeV energy beam having approximately 100% relative energy spread.

ORCID iDs

Ma, Y., Streeter, M. J. V., Albert, F., Bourgeois, N., Cipiccia, S., Cole, J. M., Dann, S. J. D., Falk, K., Gerstmayr, E., Gallardo González, I., Higginbotham, A., Hussein, A. E., Jaroszynski, D. A. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3006-5492, Joglekar, A. S., Kettle, B., Krushelnick, K., Lemos, N., Lopes, N. C., Lumsden, C., Lundh, O., Mangles, S. P. D., Miller, K. G., Mori, W., Najmudin, Z., Qian, Q., Rajeev, P. P., Seipt, D., Shahzad, M., Šmíd, M., Spesyvtsev, R., Symes, D. R., Vieux, G. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4040-4117, Willingale, L., Wood, J. C. and Thomas, A. G. R.;
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