Brain-derived neural networks distinguish design representations in different media

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Colombo, Samuele and Kim, Nayeon and Gero, John (2025) Brain-derived neural networks distinguish design representations in different media. Proceedings of the Design Society, 5. pp. 751-760. ISSN 2732-527X (https://doi.org/10.1017/pds.2025.10089)

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Abstract

Design activities rely on external representations to offload cognitive effort and communicate ideas. These representations, ranging from sketches to virtual reality (VR), influence cognitive processes and perceptual outcomes. This study investigates the impact of different media representations on brain activity by comparing neural responses to design representations in VR and desktop monitor conditions. Utilizing brain network analyses derived from EEG signals in alpha, beta, gamma, and theta bands, results demonstrate that VR elicits greater cognitive integration and sensory engagement. These patterns suggest that VR facilitates holistic evaluations, while desktop representations support precision-focused tasks. These findings provide actionable guidance for optimizing design media selection based on cognitive objectives and contribute to the emerging design neurocognition field.

ORCID iDs

Colombo, Samuele ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1349-0291, Kim, Nayeon and Gero, John;
CORE (COnnecting REpositories)