Measurement properties of the SUNRISE Study Parent Questionnaire for assessing sleep and sleep-related family practices

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Zhang, Zhiguang and Abdeta, Chalchisa and Chelly, Mohamed Souhaiel and Cruz, Jesús del Pozo and Germana, Leyna and Ghofranipour, Fazlollah and Ha, Amy Sau-Ching and El Hamdouchi, Asmaa and Tang, Hong Kim and Hossain, Mohammed Sorowar and Jambaldorj, Bayasgalan and Koh, Denise C. L. and Kontsevaya, Anna and Löf, Marie and Lubree, Himangi and Jáuregui, Alejandra and Mwase-Vuma, Tawonga and Oluchiri, Amonje Moses and Oluwayomi, Aoko and Reilly, John J. and Roos, Eva and Staiano, Amanda E. and Suherman, Adang and Tanaka, Chiaki and Teo, Wei-Peng and Turab, Ali and Užičanin, Edin and Veldman, Sanne L. C. and Webster, E. Kipling and Wickramasinghe, Pujitha and Aunampai, Aubdul and Okely, Anthony (2025) Measurement properties of the SUNRISE Study Parent Questionnaire for assessing sleep and sleep-related family practices. Sleep Health, 11 (5). pp. 613-623. ISSN 2352-7218 (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleh.2025.04.006)

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Abstract

Background: Few questionnaires with established measurement properties can globally measure sleep in preschoolers and sleep-related family practices. Objective: To examine (1) concurrent validity of the SUNRISE parent questionnaire against an accelerometer for measuring sleep in preschoolers and (2) test-retest reliability of the questionnaire for sleep and related family practices. Methods: Sleep was measured using the questionnaire and Actigraph GTX3+ accelerometer using a decision-tree algorithm and the Sadeh algorithm in 1737 preschoolers (4.4 ± 0.6 years) from 30 countries. Concurrent validity was examined using correlation analysis (duration, timing, and quality), paired t test or the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Bland-Altman plot (duration, timing), and analysis of sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy (variability). Test-retest variability was examined for sleep and family practice variables in a subsample of 163 participants (4.3 ± 0.6 years) from eight countries. Results: Questionnaire measures of sleep timing and duration were correlated with the accelerometer measures (r = 0.43-0.75; p < .001). Although statistically significant mean differences were observed between questionnaire and accelerometer measures of sleep timing and duration variables, the difference in nighttime sleep duration had a small effect size (−14 min/d; Cohen's d = −0.2). The questionnaire was less able to provide adequate measurement for sleep quality and variability. High levels of reliability were observed for sleep (ICC = 0.63-0.83; Kappa = 0.53-0.62) and family practice (ICC = 0.81-0.94; Kappa = 0.73-0.86) variables. Conclusion: The SUNRISE questionnaire appears reliable in assessing preschooler sleep characteristics and related family practices, particularly in disadvantaged settings. It could be used in global surveillance of nighttime sleep duration and in studies examining associations of sleep timing and duration with health indicators in preschoolers.

ORCID iDs

Zhang, Zhiguang, Abdeta, Chalchisa, Chelly, Mohamed Souhaiel, Cruz, Jesús del Pozo, Germana, Leyna, Ghofranipour, Fazlollah, Ha, Amy Sau-Ching, El Hamdouchi, Asmaa, Tang, Hong Kim, Hossain, Mohammed Sorowar, Jambaldorj, Bayasgalan, Koh, Denise C. L., Kontsevaya, Anna, Löf, Marie, Lubree, Himangi, Jáuregui, Alejandra, Mwase-Vuma, Tawonga, Oluchiri, Amonje Moses, Oluwayomi, Aoko, Reilly, John J. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6165-5471, Roos, Eva, Staiano, Amanda E., Suherman, Adang, Tanaka, Chiaki, Teo, Wei-Peng, Turab, Ali, Užičanin, Edin, Veldman, Sanne L. C., Webster, E. Kipling, Wickramasinghe, Pujitha, Aunampai, Aubdul and Okely, Anthony;
CORE (COnnecting REpositories)