Effects of elevated-temperature deposition on the atomic structure of amorphous Ta2O5 films

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Prasai, K. and Lee, K. and Baloukas, B. and Cheng, H-P. and Fazio, M. and Martinu, L. and Mehta, A. and Menoni, C. S. and Schiettekatte, F. and Shink, R. and Shyam, B. and Vajente, G. and Fejer, M. M. and Bassiri, R. (2023) Effects of elevated-temperature deposition on the atomic structure of amorphous Ta2O5 films. APL Materials, 11 (12). 121112. ISSN 2166-532X (https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0170100)

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Abstract

Brownian thermal noise as a result of mechanical loss in optical coatings will become the dominant source of noise at the most sensitive frequencies of ground-based gravitational-wave detectors. Experiments found, however, that a candidate material, amorphous Ta2O5, is unable to form an ultrastable glass and, consequently, to yield a film with significantly reduced mechanical loss through elevated-temperature deposition alone. X-ray scattering PDF measurements are carried out on films deposited and subsequently annealed at various temperatures. Inverse atomic modeling is used to analyze the short and medium range features in the atomic structure of these films. Furthermore, in silico deposition simulations of Ta2O5 are carried out at various substrate temperatures and an atomic level analysis of the growth at high temperatures is presented. It is observed that upon elevated-temperature deposition, short range features remain identical, whereas medium range order increases. After annealing, however, both the short and medium range orders of films deposited at different substrate temperatures are nearly identical. A discussion on the surface diffusion and glass transition temperatures indicates that future pursuits of ultrastable low-mechanical-loss films through elevated temperature deposition should focus on materials with a high surface mobility, and/or lower glass transition temperatures in the range of achievable deposition temperatueres.

ORCID iDs

Prasai, K., Lee, K., Baloukas, B., Cheng, H-P., Fazio, M. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9057-9663, Martinu, L., Mehta, A., Menoni, C. S., Schiettekatte, F., Shink, R., Shyam, B., Vajente, G., Fejer, M. M. and Bassiri, R.;
CORE (COnnecting REpositories)