Fabrication of a graphite-paraffin carbon paste electrode and demonstration of its use in electrochemical detection strategies
Milne, Stuart A. and Lasserre, Perrine and Corrigan, Damion K. (2024) Fabrication of a graphite-paraffin carbon paste electrode and demonstration of its use in electrochemical detection strategies. Analyst, 149 (18). pp. 4736-4746. ISSN 0003-2654 (https://doi.org/10.1039/D4AN00392F)
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Abstract
Electrochemical detection methods hold many advantages over their optical counterparts, such as operation in complex sample matrices, low-cost and high volume manufacture and possible equipment miniaturisation. Despite these advantages, the use of electrochemical detection is currently limited in the clinical setting. There is a wide range of potential electrode materials, selected for optimal signal-to-noise ratios and reproducibility when detecting target analytes. The use of carbon paste electrodes (CPEs) for electrochemical detection can be limited by their analytical performance, however they remain very attractive due to their low cost and biocompatibility. This paper presents the fabrication of an easy-to-make and use graphite powder/paraffin wax paste combined with a substrate produced via additive manufacturing and confirms its functionality for both direct and indirect electrochemical measurements. The produced CPEs enable the direct voltammetric detection of hexaammineruthenium(III) chloride and dopamine at an experimental limit of detection (ELoD) of 62.5 µM. The key inflammatory biomarker Interleukin-6 through an enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) was also quantified, yielding a clinically-relevant ELoD of 150 pg/ml in 10% human serum. The performance of low-cost and easy-to-use CPEs obtained in 0.5 hours is showcased in this study, demonstrating the platform’s potential uses for point-of-need electroanalytical applications.
ORCID iDs
Milne, Stuart A., Lasserre, Perrine and Corrigan, Damion K. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4647-7483;-
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Item type: Article ID code: 90141 Dates: DateEventSeptember 2024Published2 August 2024Published Online31 July 2024AcceptedSubjects: Technology > Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering
Technology > Chemical engineeringDepartment: Faculty of Engineering > Biomedical Engineering
Faculty of Science > Pure and Applied ChemistryDepositing user: Pure Administrator Date deposited: 05 Aug 2024 14:41 Last modified: 09 Oct 2024 00:42 URI: https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/id/eprint/90141