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Prediction of serotypes causing invasive pseumococal disease in unvaccinated and vaccinated populations

Weinberger, Daniel M. and Harboe, Zitta B. and Flasche, Stefan and Scott, J. Anthony and Lipsitch, Marc (2011) Prediction of serotypes causing invasive pseumococal disease in unvaccinated and vaccinated populations. Epidemiology, 22 (2). pp. 199-207. ISSN 1044-3983

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Abstract

Before the introduction of the heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (Prevnar-7), the relative prevalence of serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae was fairly stable worldwide. We sought to develop a statistical tool to predict the relative frequency of different serotypes among disease isolates in the pre- and post-Prevnar-7 eras using the limited amount of data that is widely available. Methods: We initially used pre-Prevnar-7 carriage prevalence and estimates of invasiveness derived from case-fatality data as predictors for the relative abundance of serotypes causing invasive pneumococcal disease during the pre- and post-Prevnar-7 eras, using negative binomial regression. We fit the model to pre-Prevnar-7 invasive pneumococcal disease data from England and Wales and used these data to (1) evaluate the performance of the model using several datasets and (2) evaluate the utility of the country-specific carriage data. We then fit an alternative model that used polysaccharide structure, a correlate of prevalence that does not require country-specific information and could be useful in determining the postvaccine population structure, as a predictor. Results: Predictions from the initial model fit data from several pediatric populations in the pre-Prevnar-7 era. After the introduction of Prevnar-7, the model still had a good negative predictive value, though substantial unexplained variation remained. The alternative model had a good negative predictive value but poor positive predictive value. Both models demonstrate that the pneumococcal population follows a somewhat predictable pattern even after vaccination. Conclusions: This approach provides a preliminary framework to evaluate the potential patterns and impact of serotypes causing invasive pneumococcal disease.

Item type: Article
ID code: 29074
Keywords: infectious disease, invasive pseumococal disease, unvaccinated populations, vaccinated populations, Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine, Pharmacy and materia medica, Epidemiology
Subjects: Medicine > Public aspects of medicine > Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine
Medicine > Pharmacy and materia medica
Department: Faculty of Science > Mathematics and Statistics
Depositing user: Pure Administrator
Date deposited: 07 Mar 2011 23:24
Last modified: 26 May 2017 03:35
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URI: https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/id/eprint/29074
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