Anti-inflammatory and membrane-stabilizing stigmastane steroids from Alchornea floribunda Leaves

Okoye, F.B.C. and Osadebe, P.O. and Proksch, P. and Edrada-Ebel, RuAngelie and Nworu, C.S. and Esimone, S.O. (2010) Anti-inflammatory and membrane-stabilizing stigmastane steroids from Alchornea floribunda Leaves. Planta Medica, 76 (2). pp. 172-177. ISSN 0032-0943 (http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0029-1186032)

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Abstract

Alchornea floribunda (Euphorbiaceae) leaves are widely used in African ethnomedicine for the management of acute and chronic inflammatory disorders. In the present study, bioactivity-guided fractionation led to the isolation of two known (1 and 3) and one new (2) stigmastane steroids from the hexane extract of Alchornea floribunda leaves. The anti-inflammatory activities of these compounds were evaluated using in vitro and in vivo animal models. The compounds 1, 2, and 3 at 50 and 100 µg/ear significantly (p < 0.05) inhibited xylene-induced ear edema in mice in a dose-dependent manner. The topical anti-inflammatory effect of 1 and 2 are significantly (p < 0.05) higher than that of indomethacin and prednisolone. At 20 mg/kg (i. p.), all the compounds significantly (p < 0.05) inhibited acute inflammation induced by subplantar injection of egg albumen in rats. Compound 1 exhibited an anti-inflammatory effect (50.9 % edema inhibition) comparable (p < 0.05) to that of prednisolone (48.0 % edema inhibition) at 3 h. Compounds 1, 2, and 3 (50 µg/mL) significantly (p < 0.05) inhibited heat-induced haemolysis of human erythrocytes in vitro, but had no effect on hypotonicity-induced hemolysis. The compounds were elucidated as (24R)-5α-stigmast-3,6-dione (1), 5α-stigmast − 23-ene-3,6-dione (2), and 3β-hydroxy-5α-stigmast-24-ene (3) by spectral analysis. The results of this study show that these compounds may, in part, account for the anti-inflammatory effect of Alchornea floribunda leaves. This is the first report on the isolation and structure elucidation of these anti-inflammatory steroids from Alchornea floribunda leaves.

  • Item type:Article
    ID code:26136
    Dates:
    Date
    Event
    2010
    Published
    Keywords:anti-inflammatory, stigmastane steroids, Alchornea floribunda, Euphorbiaceae, egg albumen, induced edema, membrane stabilization, Pharmacy and materia medica, Organic Chemistry, Drug Discovery, Pharmaceutical Science, Molecular Medicine, Complementary and alternative medicine, Analytical Chemistry, Pharmacology
    Subjects:Medicine > Pharmacy and materia medica
    Department:Faculty of Science > Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences
    Depositing user: Strathprints Administrator
    Date deposited:13 Sep 2010 10:31
    Last modified:20 May 2023 03:44
    Related URLs:
    URI:https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/id/eprint/26136
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