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Vuletic, T. and Duffy, A. and McTeague, C. and Hay, L. and Campbell, G. and Grealy, M. (2022) Interaction and perception of interaction with 3D objects during design activities. Proceedings of the Design Society, 2. pp. 951-960.

McKendry, D.A. and Whitfield, R.I. and Duffy, A.H.B. (2022) Product lifecycle management implementation for high value engineering to order programmes : an informational perspective. Journal of Industrial Information Integration, 26. 100264. ISSN 2452-414X

Hay, L. and Duffy, A.H.B. and Gilbert, S.J. and Grealy, M.A. (2022) Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in design studies : methodological considerations, challenges, and recommendations. Design Studies, 78. 101078. ISSN 0142-694X

Reber, M. and Duffy, A. H. B. and Hay, L. and Whitfield, R. I. (2021) ValueD : a model of cognitive value determination in design. Journal of Engineering Design, 32 (9). pp. 449-477. ISSN 1466-1837

Vuletic, Tijana and Duffy, Alex and McTeague, Chris and Hay, Laura and Brisco, Ross and Campbell, Gerard and Grealy, Madeleine (2021) A novel user-based gesture vocabulary for conceptual design. International Journal of Human Computer Studies, 150. 102609. ISSN 1071-5819

Paparistodimou, Giota and Duffy, Alex and Whitfield, Robert Ian and Knight, Philip and Robb, Malcolm (2020) A network tool to analyse and improve robustness of system architectures. Design Science, 6. e8. ISSN 2053-4701

Paparistodimou, Giota and Duffy, Alex and Whitfield, Robert Ian and Knight, Philip and Robb, Malcolm (2020) A network science-based assessment methodology for robust modular system architectures during early conceptual design. Journal of Engineering Design, 31 (4). pp. 179-218. ISSN 1466-1837

Hay, L. and Duffy, A. H. B. and Gilbert, S. J. and Lyall, L. and Campbell, G. and Coyle, D. and Grealy, M. A. (2019) The neural correlates of ideation in product design engineering practitioners. Design Science, 5. e29. ISSN 2053-4701

Duffy, Alex and Hay, Laura and Grealy, Madeleine and Vuletic, Tijana (2019) ImagineD : a vision for cognitive driven creative design. In: 30th Anniversary Heron Island Conference on Computational and Cognitive Models of Creativity, 2019-12-15 - 2019-12-18, Heron Island. (In Press)

Vuletic, Tijana and Duffy, Alex and Hay, Laura and McTeague, Chris and Campbell, Gerard and Grealy, Madeleine (2019) Systematic literature review of hand gestures used in human computer interaction interfaces. International Journal of Human Computer Studies, 129. pp. 74-94. ISSN 1071-5819

Hay, L. and Duffy, A. H. B. and Grealy, M. and Tahsiri, M. and McTeague, C. and Vuletic, T. (2019) A novel systematic approach for analysing exploratory design ideation. Journal of Engineering Design. pp. 1-23. ISSN 1466-1837

Imron, Tiffany and Duffy, AHB (2019) Scrum, a revolutionary approach for design research. In: International Association of Societies of Design Research Conference 2019, 2019-09-02 - 2019-09-05, Manchester Metropolitan University.

Reber, Michael and Duffy, Alexander and Hay, Laura (2019) Axioms of value. In: 22nd International Conference on Engineering Design, 2019-08-05 - 2019-08-08, Delft University of Technology.

Hay, Laura and Duffy, Alexander and Grealy, Madeleine (2019) The novelty perspectives framework : a new conceptualisation of novelty for cognitive design studies. Proceedings of the Design Society: International Conference on Engineering Design, 1 (1). pp. 389-398. ISSN 2220-4342

Whitfield, R.I. and Duffy, A.H.B. and Grierson, H. (2019) Delivering a total engineering education. In: 21st International Conference on Engineering & Product Design Education (E&PDE 2019), 2019-09-11 - 2019-09-13, University of Strathclyde. (In Press)

Paparistodimou, Giota and Duffy, Alex and Knight, Philip and Whitfield, Ian and Robb, Malcolm and Voong, Caroline; (2018) Network-based metrics for assessment of naval distributed system architectures. In: 14th International Naval Engineering Conference & Exhibition (INEC) Glasgow, UK, 2 – 4 October 2018. Zenodo, [Geneva].

Tuni, Andrea and Rentizelas, Athanasios and Duffy, Alex (2018) Environmental performance measurement for green supply chains : a systematic analysis and review of quantitative methods. International Journal of Physical Distribution and Logistics Management, 48 (8). pp. 765-793. ISSN 0960-0035

McTeague, Chris and Duffy, Alex and Hay, Laura and Vuletic, Tijana and Campbell, Gerard and Choo, Pei Ling and Grealy, Madeleine (2018) Extending the structural alignment model to similarity judgements of design concepts. In: Design Computing Cognition DCC18, 2018-07-02 - 2018-07-04, Politecnico di Milano, Lecco Campus.

Wodehouse, Andrew and Brisco, Ross and Broussard, Ed and Duffy, Alex (2018) Pareidolia : characterising facial anthropomorphism and its implications for product design. Journal of Design Research, 16 (2). pp. 83-98. ISSN 1748-3050

McTeague, C. P. and Duffy, A. and Hay, L. and Vuletic, T. and Campbell, G. and Choo, P. L. and Grealy, M. (2018) Insights into design concept similarity judgements. In: 15th International Design Conference (Design 2018), 2018-05-21 - 2018-05-24, Hotel Dubrovnik Palace.

Vuletic, Tijana and Duffy, Alex and Hay, Laura and McTeague, Chris and Campbell, Gerard and Choo, Pei Ling and Grealy, Madeleine (2018) Natural and intuitive gesture interaction for 3D object manipulation in conceptual design. In: 15th International Design Conference (Design 2018), 2018-05-21 - 2018-05-24, Hotel Dubrovnik Palace.

Korik, A. and Hay, L. and Choo, P. L. and Gilbert, S. J. and Grealy, M. and Duffy, A. and Coyle, D. (2018) Primitive shape imagery classification from electroencephalography. In: 7th International BCI Meeting, 2018-05-21 - 2018-05-25.

Vuletic, Tijana and Duffy, Alex and Hay, Laura and McTeague, Christopher and Pidgeon, Laura and Grealy, Madeleine (2018) The challenges in computer supported conceptual engineering design. Computers in Industry, 95. pp. 22-37. ISSN 0166-3615

Vuletic, Tijana and Whitfield, Robert Ian and Wang, Wenjuan and Duffy, Alex and Gatchell, Scott and Prins, Henk and Leer-Andersen, Michael (2017) Improving the creation and management of collaborative networks within the European maritime sector : an operational collaboration model for the European maritime sector. Journal of Industrial Information Integration, 8. pp. 22-37. ISSN 2452-414X

Paparistodimou, Giota and Duffy, Alex and Voong, Caroline and Robb, Malcolm (2017) System architectures assessment based on network metrics. In: 19th International Dependency and Structure Modeling Conference (DSM 2017), 2017-09-11 - 2017-09-13, Aalto University.

McKendry, D.A. and Whitfield, R.I. and Duffy, A.H.B. (2017) Key findings to support the development of a framework for the implementation of Product Lifecycle Management in Engineer to Order products. In: 15th International Conference on Manufacturing Research, 2017-09-05 - 2017-09-07, University of Greenwich.

Hay, Laura and Duffy, Alexander; (2017) Is it sustainable? A conceptual exposition of sustainability in technical artefacts. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Engineering Design (ICED 17) Vol 5. ICED Conference Proceedings . Design Society, CAN. ISBN 978-1-904670-93-3

Coutts, Euan Ross and Edward, Jack and Knight, Richard and Duffy, Alex and Grierson, Hilary; Maier, Anja and Škec, Stanko and Kim, Harrison and Kokkolaras, Michael and Oehmen, Josef and Fadel, Georges and Salustri, Filippo and Van der Loos, Mike, eds. (2017) Is product design evil? In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Engineering Design (ICED 17). The Design Society, CAN, pp. 209-218. ISBN 9781904670896

McTeague, Chris and Duffy, Alex and Campbell, Gerard and Grealy, Madeleine and Hay, Laura and Pidgeon, Laura and Vuletic, Tijana (2017) An exploration of design synthesis. In: 21st International Conference on Engineering Design (ICED17), 2017-08-21 - 2017-08-25, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada..

Hay, Laura and Duffy, Alex H. B. and McTeague, Chris and Pidgeon, Laura M. and Vuletic, Tijana and Grealy, Madeleine (2017) A systematic review of protocol studies on conceptual design cognition : design as search and exploration. Design Science, 3. e10.

Hay, Laura and Duffy, Alex H. B. and McTeague, Christopher and Pidgeon, Laura M. and Vuletic, Tijana and Grealy, Madeleine (2017) Towards a shared ontology : a generic classification of cognitive processes in conceptual design. Design Science, 3. e7.

Hay, L. and Duffy, A. H. B. and Whitfield, R. I. (2017) The S-Cycle performance matrix : supporting comprehensive sustainability performance evaluation of technical systems. Systems Engineering, 20 (1). pp. 45-70. ISSN 1520-6858

Duffy, Alex and Whitfield, Ian and Ion, Bill and Vuletic, Tijana (2016) Smart Products Through-Life : Research Roadmap. University of Strathclyde Publishing, Glasgow.

Pidgeon, Laura M. and Grealy, Madeleine and Duffy, Alex H.B. and Hay, Laura and McTeague, Christopher and Vuletic, Tijana and Coyle, Damien and Gilbert, Sam J. (2016) Functional neuroimaging of visual creativity : a systematic review and meta-analysis. Brain and Behavior. e00540. ISSN 2162-3279

Hay, Laura and McTeague, Christopher and Duffy, Alex H. B. and Pidgeon, Laura M. and Vuletic, Tijana and Grealy, Madeleine (2016) A systematic review of protocol studies on conceptual design cognition. In: 7th International Conference on Design Computing and Cognition, 2016-06-27 - 2016-06-29.

McKendry, DA and Whitfield, RI and Duffy, AHB; (2015) Business and information management architectures for delivering Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) in Engineer To Order (ETO) products. In: ICCAS 2015. Royal Institution of Naval Architects, DEU. ISBN 9781909024335

Marshall, Pamela and Whitfield, Robert Ian and Duffy, Alex and Haffey, Mark (2015) A new model for high value meetings. In: 22nd EurOMA 2015, 2015-06-26 - 2015-07-01, University of Neuchâtel. (In Press)

Hird, Abigail and Mendibil, Kepa and Duffy, Alexander and Whitfield, Robert Ian (2015) New product development resource forecasting. R&D Management. ISSN 0033-6807

Li, Yutong and Wang, Yuxin and Duffy, Alex H. B. (2014) Computer-based creativity enhanced conceptual design model for non-routine design of mechanical systems. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 27 (6). pp. 1083-1098. ISSN 1000-9345

Vuletic, Tijana and Wang, Wenjuan and Duffy, Alexander (2014) Enhancing competitive advantage for European maritime sector. In: Transport Research Arena (TRA2014), 2014-04-14 - 2014-04-17, CNIT, La Défense.

Hay, Laura and Duffy, Alex and Whitfield, R. I. (2014) The sustainability cycle and loop : models for a more unified understanding of sustainability. Journal of Environmental Management, 133. pp. 232-257. ISSN 0301-4797

Duffy, Alexander and Siska, Sonia and Imron, Tiffany (2013) The knowledge nugget. Lambert Academic Publishing, Glasgow. ISBN 9783659500909

Wang, Wenjuan and Duffy, Alexander and Boyle, Iain and Whitfield, Robert (2013) Creation dependencies of evolutionary artefact and design process knowledge. Journal of Engineering Design, 24 (9). pp. 681-710. ISSN 1466-1837

Vuletic, Tijana and Duffy, Alexander and Whitfield, Robert and Wang, Wenjuan; Lindemann, U. and Venkataraman, S. and Kim, Y.S. and Lee, S.W. and Dong, A. and Lin, Y., eds. (2013) Co-ordinated engineering : design innovation through operational collaboration. In: Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Engineering Design (ICED13), Design for Harmonies, Vol.6: Design Information and Knowledge, Seoul, Korea, 19-22.08.2013. ICED . The Design Society, KOR, pp. 209-218. ISBN 9781904670490

Whitfield, Robert and Duffy, Alexander (2013) Extended revenue forecasting within a service industry. International Journal of Production Economics, 141 (2). pp. 505-518. ISSN 0925-5273

Wang, Wenjuan and Duffy, Alexander and Boyle, Iain and Whitfield, Robert (2013) A critical realism view of design artefact knowledge. Journal of Design Research, 11 (3). pp. 243-262. ISSN 1748-3050

Boyle, Iain and Duffy, Alexander and Whitfield, Robert and Liu, Shaofeng (2012) The impact of resources on decision making. AI EDAM - Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing, 26 (Specia). pp. 407-423. ISSN 0890-0604

Duffy, Alexander and Wodehouse, Andrew; Duffy, Alex and Nagai, Yukari and Taura, Toshiharu, eds. (2012) Preface. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Design Creativity. The Design Society, GBR, viii. ISBN 9781904670391

Wang, Wenjuan and Duffy, Alexander and Whitfield, Robert and Boyle, Iain and Pereira, Ana and Santana, Nuno (2012) Virtual integration for marine systems design. In: 11th International Marine Design Conference, 2012-06-11 - 2012-06-14.

Hird, Abigail and Duffy, Alex H. B. and Mendibil, Kepa (2012) An empirical approach to resource forecasting in NPD. In: 19th International Annual EurOMA Conference, 2012-07-01 - 2012-07-05.

Wang, Wenjuan and Whitfield, Robert and Duffy, Alexander and Boyle, Iain and Santana, Nuno and Pereira, Ana (2012) Virtual integration for ship and offshore systems design. In: Systems Engineering in Ship & Offshore Design, 2012-03-28 - 2012-03-29.

Whitfield, Robert and Duffy, Alexander and Gatchell, S. and Marzi, Jochen and Wang, Wenjuan (2012) A collaborative platform for integrating and optimising Computational Fluid Dynamics analysis requests. Computer-Aided Design, 44 (3). 224–240. ISSN 0010-4485

Whitfield, Robert and Duffy, Alexander and Boyle, Iain Mackinnon and Liu, Shaofeng and McKenna, I. (2011) An integrated environment for organisational decision support. Computers in Industry, 62 (8-9). pp. 842-853. ISSN 0166-3615

Dremont, Nicolas and Graignic, Pascal and Troussier, Nadege and Whitfield, Robert and Duffy, Alexander (2011) A metric to represent the evolution of CAD/analysis models in collaborative design. In: International Conference in Engineering Design (ICED), 2011-08-15 - 2011-08-18.

Whitfield, Robert and Duffy, Alexander and York, Philip and Vassalos, Dracos and Kaklis, Panagiotis (2011) Managing the exchange of engineering product data to support through life ship design. Computer-Aided Design, 43 (5). pp. 516-532. ISSN 0010-4485

Vallance, Sarah Mae and Duffy, Alexander and Whitfield, Robert and Mendibil, Kepa and Hird, Abigail and McCabe, John and Turner, Neville (2011) Using systems engineering for the development of decision making support systems (DMSS) : an analysis of system development methodologies (SDM). International Journal of the Decision Support System Technology, 3 (4). pp. 35-54. ISSN 1941-6296

Liu, S. and Duffy, A.H.B. and Whitfield, R.I. and Boyle, I.M. (2010) Integration of decision support systems to improve decision support performance. Knowledge Information Systems, 22 (3). pp. 261-286. ISSN 0219-1377

Liu, S. and Duffy, A.H.B. and Whitfield, R.I. and Boyle, I.M. and McKenna, I. (2009) Towards the realisation of an integratated decision support environment for organisational decision making. International Journal of the Decision Support System Technology, 1 (4). pp. 38-58. ISSN 1941-6296

Coates, G. and Thompson, C. and Duffy, A.H.B. and Hills, W. and Whitfield, R.I. (2009) Modelling skill competencies in engineering companies. Engineering Designer. pp. 16-19.

Whitfield, R.I. and Duffy, A.H.B. (2009) Modes of integrated collaborative ship design. In: 14th International Conference on Computer Applications in Shipbuilding (ICCAS '09), 2009-09-01 - 2009-09-03.

Wang, W. and Duffy, A. and Whitfield, I. and Mohamed, K. and Gatchell, S. and Prins, H. (2009) Virtual integration platform for computational fluid dynamics. In: 14th International Conference on Computer Applications in Shipbuilding (ICCAS '09), 2009-09-01 - 2009-09-03.

Wang, Wenjuan and Duffy, Alex H.B. University of Strathclyde Scholarship (Funder) (2009) A triangulation approach for design research. In: Proceedings of ICED'09. The Design Society, pp. 275-286. ISBN 9-781904-670063

Liu, Shaofeng and Duffy, Alex and Whitfield, Robert Ian and Boyle, Iain and Wang, Wenjuan and Mohamed, Khaled (2009) Decision-focussed resource modelling for design decision support. In: 17th International Conference on Engineering Design 2009, 2009-08-24 - 2009-08-27.

Boyle, Iain and Duffy, Alex H. B. and Whitfield, R. Ian and Liu, Shaofeng (2009) Towards an understanding of the impact of resources on the design process. In: 17th International Conference on Engineering Design 2009, 2009-08-24 - 2009-08-27.

Rowell, William and Duffy, Alex H.B. and Boyle, I.M. Masson, Nick, Babcock Marine, Rosyth, EPSRC and Babcock Marine (Funder) , ed. (2009) The nature of engineering change in a complex product development cycle. In: 7th Annual Conference on Systems Engineering Research, 2009-04-20 - 2009-04-23.

Whitfield, R.I. and Duffy, A.H.B. (2008) Collaborative support for distributed design. In: Realising Network Enabled Capability 2008, 2008-10-13 - 2008-10-14, Oulton Hall Hotel, Leeds.

Boyle, Iain and Duffy, Alex and Whitfield, Ian and Liu, Shaofeng (2008) DecMS : an approach to providing decision support within NEC delivery. In: Realising Network Enabled Capability 2008, 2008-10-13 - 2008-10-14, Oulton Hall Hotel, Leeds.

Liu, Shaofeng and Duffy, Alex H.B. and Boyle, Iain M. and Whitfield, Robert Ian (2008) Knowledge re-use for decision support. In: Realising Network Enabled Capability 2008, 2008-10-13 - 2008-10-14, Oulton Hall Hotel, Leeds.

Wang, Wenjuan and Duffy, Alex and Whitfield, Ian and Liu, Shaofeng and Boyle, Iain (2008) A design view of capability. In: Realising Network Enabled Capability 2008, 2008-10-13 - 2008-10-14, Oulton Hall Hotel, Leeds.

Liu, Shaofeng and Duffy, Alex H.B. and Whitfield, Robert Ian and Boyle, Iain M.; (2008) An integrated decision support environment for organisational decision making. In: Proceedings of the 2008 conference on Collaborative Decision Making. IOS Press, FRA, pp. 392-403. ISBN 9781586038816

Gatchell, S. and Whitfield, R.I. and Duffy, A.H.B. and Abt, C. (2008) Coupling CAD and CFD codes within a virtual integration platform. In: Marine CFD 2008: International Conference on Marine Computational Dynamics, 2008-03-26 - 2008-03-27.

Rehman, Fayyaz Ur and Duffy, Alexander and Yan, Xiu (2008) Design management and prediction. Northwestern Polytechnical University Press, Xi'an. ISBN 756122365X

Wang, Wenjuan and Duffy, Alexander (2007) The design research pyramid: a three layer framework. In: 16th International Conference on Engineering Design, 2007-08-28 - 2007-08-31.

Wang, Wenjuan and Duffy, Alexander (2007) A post-positivism view of function behaviour structure. In: 16th International Conference on Engineering Design, 2007-08-28 - 2007-08-31.

Yan, X.T. and Stewart, B. and Wang, W. and Tramsheck, R. and Liggat, J. and Duffy, A.H.B. and Whitfield, I. (2007) Developing and applying an integrated modular design methodology within a SME. In: 16th International Conference on Engineering Design, 2007-08-28 - 2007-08-31.

Whitfield, R.I. and Duffy, A.H.B. and Coates, G. (2007) Real time resource scheduling within a distributed collaborative design environment. In: 16th International Conference on Engineering Design, 2007-08-28 - 2007-08-31.

Wu, Zichao and Duffy, Alex H.B. and Vassalos, Dracos and York, Phil and Whitfield, Ian R. (2007) Virtue integrated platform : holistic support for distributed ship hydrodynamic design. In: 16th International Conference on Engineering Design, 2007-08-28 - 2007-08-31.

Meehan, J.S. and Duffy, A.H.B. and Whitfield, R. I. (2007) Supporting 'design for reuse' with modular design. Concurrent Engineering: Research and Applications, 15 (2). pp. 141-155. ISSN 1063-293X

Whitfield, R.I. and Duffy, A.H.B. and Conway, Alastair and Wu, Zichao and Meehan, Joanne and Vassalos, Dracos and York, Philip; MacGregor, S and Torres-Coronas, T, eds. (2007) A virtual environment to support the distributed design of large made-to-order products. In: Higher Creativity for Virtual Teams. IGI Global, pp. 299-320. ISBN 9781599041292

Whitfield, R.I. and Duffy, A.H.B. and Thomson, A. and Wu, Z. and Liu, S. (2007) An architecture for organisational decision support. In: System Engineering for Future Capability, SYEC'07, 2007-02-12 - 2007-02-13. (Unpublished)

Coates, G. and Duffy, A.H.B. and Hills, W. and Whitfield, I. (2007) A preliminary approach for modelling and planning the composition of engineering project teams. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture, 221 (7). pp. 1255-1265. ISSN 2041-2975

Duffy, Alex and Harries, Stefan and Marzi, Jochen and Petz, Christoph and Wu, Zichao DMEM, University of Strathclyde, UK, FRIENDSHIP SYSTEMS GmbH, Germany, HSVA, Germany, ZIB, Germany , ed. (2006) VIRTUE : integrating CFD ship design. In: 7th International Conference On Hydrodynamics, 2006-10-04 - 2006-10-06.

Tenneti, R. and Duffy, A.H.B.; Gero, J.S, ed. (2006) Analysing the emotive effectiveness of rendering styles. In: Design Computing and Cognition '06. Springer, Netherlands, pp. 285-304. ISBN 978-1-4020-5130-2

Whitfield, R.I. and Duffy, A.H.B. and Wu, Z. (2006) Realising intelligent virtual design. In: Second International Conference on Design Computing and Cognition (DCC'06), Intelletigent Virtual Design Environments Workshop, 2006-07-09.

Whitfield, R.I. and Duffy, A.H.B. and Kortabarria, L.; Samuel, A. and Lewis, W., eds. (2005) Identifying and evaluating parallel design activities using the design structure matrix. In: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Engineering Design (ICED'05). Design Society. ISBN 0-85825-788-2

Whitfield, R.I. and Duffy, A.H.B. and Wu, Z. and Meehan, J. (2005) An overview of the VRS virtual platform. In: 15th International Confrence on Engineering design (ICED'05), 2005-08-15 - 2005-08-18. (Unpublished)

Wu, Zhichao and Duffy, A.H.B. (2004) Modelling collective learning in design. AI EDAM - Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing, 18 (4). pp. 289-313. ISSN 0890-0604

Sim, Siang Kok and Duffy, Alex H.B. (2004) Knowledge transformers : a link between learning and creativity. AI EDAM - Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing, 18 (3). pp. 271-279. ISSN 0890-0604

Sim, Siang K. and Duffy, A.H.B. (2004) Evolving a model of learning in design. Research in Engineering Design, 15 (1). pp. 40-61. ISSN 0934-9839

Coates, Graham and Duffy, Alex H. B. and Whitfield, Ian and Hills, William (2004) Engineering management : operational design co-ordination. Journal of Engineering Design, 15 (5). pp. 433-446. ISSN 1466-1837

Coates, G. and Duffy, A.H.B. and Whitfield, I. and Hills, W. (2003) An integrated agent-oriented approach to real-time operational design coordination. AI EDAM - Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing, 17 (4). pp. 287-311. ISSN 0890-0604

Whitfield, R.I. and Duffy, A.H.B. and Meehan, J. and Wu, Z. (2003) Ship product modelling. Journal of Ship Production, 19 (4). pp. 230-245. ISSN 8756-1417

Duffy, A.H.B. and Sim, Siang K. (2003) Towards an ontology of generic engineering design activities. Research in Engineering Design, 14 (4). pp. 200-223. ISSN 0934-9839

Forbes, G.A. and Fleming, D.A. and Duffy, A.H.B. and Ball, P.D. (2003) The optimisation of a strategic business process. In: Twentieth International Manufacturing Conference, 2003-09-03 - 2003-09-05.

Haffey, M. and Duffy, A.H.B.; (2003) Design process performance management support. In: Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Engineering Design (ICED 03). The Design Society, Stockholm, Sweden.

Whitfield, R.I. and Duffy, A.H.B. and Coates, G. and Hills, W. (2003) Efficient process optimization. Concurrent Engineering: Research and Applications, 11 (2). pp. 83-92. ISSN 1063-293X

Lim, S.W. and Duffy, A.H.B. and Lee, B.S. (2003) Active pendulation controlled davits. In: UNSPECIFIED. (Unpublished)

Whitfield, Robert Ian and Duffy, Alex H. B. and Wu, Zhichao and Meehan, Joanne (2003) Intelligent design guidance. In: 14th International Conference on Engineering Design (ICED '03), 2003-08-19 - 2003-08-21.

Coates, G. and Duffy, A.H.B. and Whitfield, R.I. and Hills, W. (2003) Real-time co-ordinated resource management in a computational enviroment. In: 14th International Conference on Engineering Design (ICED '03), 2003-08-19 - 2003-08-21.

Coates, G. and Duffy, A.H.B. and Whitfield, R.I. and Hills, W. (2003) A methodology for prospective operational design co-ordination. In: 14th International Conference on Engineering Design (ICED '03), 2003-08-19 - 2003-08-21.

Fleming, D.A. and Forbes, G.A. and Hayfron, L.E. and Duffy, A.H.B. and Ball, P.D.; (2003) The optimisation of the estimating and tendering process in warship refit - a case study. In: Proceedings of 18th International Conference on Computer Aided Production Engineering (CAPE'03). Elsevier, Edinburgh, United Kingdom. ISBN 0030392003

O'Donnell, F. and Duffy, A.H.B. (2002) Modelling design development performance. International Journal of Operations and Production Management, 22 (11). pp. 1198-1221. ISSN 0144-3577

Whitfield, R.I. and Duffy, A.H.B. and Coates, G. and Hills, W. (2002) Distributed design coordination. Research in Engineering Design, 13 (4). pp. 243-252. ISSN 0934-9839

Coates, Graham and Duffy, Alex H.B. and Whitfield, R. Ian and Hills, Bill; Shahin, Tamir, ed. (2002) Operational design co-ordination : an agent based approach. In: Computer-based design. John Wiley & Sons Inc., pp. 205-214. ISBN 1860583725

Coates, G. and Ritchey, I. and Duffy, A.H.B. and Hills, W. and Whitfield, R.I. (2002) Integrated engineering environments for large complex products. Concurrent Engineering: Research and Applications, 8 (3). pp. 171-182. ISSN 1063-293X

Wu, Zhichao and Duffy, Alex (2002) Mutual knowledge evolution in team design. In: Workshop On Learning and Creativity 7th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Design (AID '02), 2002-07-15 - 2002-07-17.

Duffy, A.H.B. (2002) Designing Design, invited paper from Polish Academy of Science. In: Design Methods that Work, 3rd International Workshop on Engineering design and Integrated Product Development, 2002-10-10 - 2002-10-12.

Whitfield, R.I. and Smith, J.S. and Duffy, A.H.B. (2002) Identifying component modules. In: 7th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Design, 2002-07-12 - 2002-07-17.

Sim, Siang Kok and Duffy, Alex H. B. (2002) Knowledge transformers : a link between learning and creativity. In: Workshop on Learning and Creativity, 7th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Design (AID '02), 2002-01-01.

Coates, G. and Duffy, A.H.B. and Whitfield, R.I. and Hills, W. and Sen, P. (2002) Real-time co-ordinated scheduling using a genetic algorithm. In: 5th International Conference on Adaptive Computing in Design and Manufacture, 2002-04-16 - 2002-04-18.

West, G. and Strachan, S. and McDonald, J. R. and Duffy, A.H.B. and Farrell, J. and Gwyn, B. (2001) DEKAS - An evolutionary case-based reasoning system to support protection scheme design. In: 13th International Conference on Engineering Design (ICED 01), 2001-08-21 - 2001-08-23.

O'Donnell, F.J. and Duffy, A.H.B. (2001) Design activity modelling : a performance viewpoint. In: 13th International Conference on Engineering Design (ICED 01), 2001-08-21 - 2001-08-23.

Lim, S.W. and Lee, B.S. and Duffy, A.H.B. (2001) Incremental modelling of ambiguous geometric ideas (I-MAGI): represenation and maintenance of vague geometry. Artificial Intelligence in Engineering, 15 (2). pp. 93-108. ISSN 0954-1810

Lim, Sungwoo and Duffy, Alex H.B. and Lee, Byungsuk (2001) Intelligent computational sketching support for conceptual design. In: 13th International Conference on Engineering Design (ICED 01), 2001-08-21 - 2001-08-23.

Strachan, S.M. and West, G.M. and McDonald, J.R. and Duffy, A.H.B. and Farrell, Jim and Gwyn, B.; (2001) Knowledge, management and intelligent decision support for protection scheme design and application in electrical power systems. In: Proceedings of the 7th International conference on developments in power system protection. IEEE, NLD, pp. 559-562. ISBN 0852967322

Haffey, M.D. and Duffy, A.H.B. (2001) Modelling performance behaviour. In: 1st International Workshop on Performance Measurement, 2001-05-24 - 2001-05-25.

Smith, Joanne S. and Duffy, Alex H. B. (2001) Modularity in support of design for re-use. In: 13th International Conference on Engineering Design (ICED 01), 2001-08-21 - 2001-08-23.

O'Donnell, F.J. and Duffy, A.H.B. (2001) Performance management at design actvity level. In: 13th International Conference on Engineering Design (ICED 01), 2001-08-21 - 2001-08-23.

Haffey, Mark K. D. and Duffy, Alex H. B. (2001) Process performance measurement support : a critical analysis. In: 13th International Conference on Engineering Design (ICED 01), 2001-08-21 - 2001-08-23.

Smith, Joanne S. and Duffy, Alex H. B. (2001) Re-using knowledge : why, what and where. In: 13th International Conference on Engineering Design (ICED 01), 2001-08-21 - 2001-08-23.

Lim, Sungwoo and Duffy, Alex H.B. and Lee, Byungsuk (2001) Shape matching and clustering. In: 13th International Conference on Engineering Design (ICED 01), 2001-08-21 - 2001-08-23.

Wu, Zhichao and Duffy, Alex (2001) Using situation theory to model information flow in design. In: 13th International Conference on Engineering Design (ICED 01), 2001-08-21 - 2001-08-23.

Smith, Joanne S. and Robb, Malcolm D. and Duffy, Alex H.B. and Thomson, Alistair and Nisbet, Charles (2001) An experience of modularity through design. In: 13th International Conference on Engineering Design (ICED 01), 2001-08-21 - 2001-08-23.

Sim, Siang Kok and Duffy, Alex H.B. (2001) A novel model of learning in design. In: 13th International Conference on Engineering Design (ICED 01), 2001-08-21 - 2001-08-23.

Whitfield, Robert Ian and Coates, Graham and Duffy, Alex H. B. and Hills, Bill (2001) A system for co-ordinating concurrent engineering. In: 13th International Conference on Engineering Design (ICED 01), 2001-08-21 - 2001-08-23.

Coates, G. and Duffy, A.H.B. and Hills, W. and Whitfield, R.I. (2000) A generic coordination approach applied to a manufacturing environment. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 107 (1-3). pp. 404-411. ISSN 0924-0136

Whitfield, Robert Ian and Coates, Graham and Duffy, Alex H. B. and Hills, Bill (2000) Coordination approaches and systems - part I : a strategic perspective. Research in Engineering Design, 12 (1). pp. 48-60. ISSN 0934-9839

Coates, Graham and Whitfield, Robert Ian and Duffy, Alex H. B. and Hills, Bill (2000) Coordination approaches and systems - part II : an operational perspective. Research in Engineering Design, 12 (2). pp. 73-89. ISSN 0934-9839

Haffey, Mark and Duffy, Alex (2000) Knowledge data discovery and data mining in a design environment. In: Workship Series on Knowledge Intensive CAD, IFIP WG5.2, 2000-05-22 - 2000-05-24.

Whitfield, Robert Ian and Coates, Graham and Duffy, Alex H. B. and Hills, Bill (2000) A multi-agent based system to enable strategic and operational design coordination. In: 6th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Design (AID'00), 2000-06-26 - 2000-06-29.

Duffy, Alex H B and O'Donnell, F J; Mortensen, Niels Henrik and Sigurjonsson, Johannes, eds. (1999) A design research approach. In: Critical Enthusiasm. Norges teknisk‐naturvitenskapelige universitet, Lisbon, Portugal, pp. 33-40. ISBN 82-91917-08-6

Coates, G. and Hills, W. and Whitfield, R.I. and Duffy, A.H.B. (1999) Design coordination for enabling concurrent engineering. In: 6th ISPE International Conference on Concurrent Engineering, 1999-09-01 - 1999-09-03.

Coates, G. and Duffy, A.H.B. and Whitfield, R.I. and Hills, W. (1999) A generic coordination methodology applied to a manufacturing enviroment. In: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Computer Aided Production Engineering (CAPE'99), 1999-04-19 - 1999-04-21.

Coates, G. and Duffy, A.H.B. and Whitfield, R.I. and Hills, W. (1999) A methodology for design coordination in a distributed computing environment. In: Proceedings of 12th International Conference on Engineering Design (ICED'99), 1999-08-24 - 1999-08-26.

Duffy, A.H.B. and Ferns, A. F.; Lindemann, U. and Birkhoffer, H. and Meerkamm, H. and Vajna, S., eds. (1998) An analysis of design reuse benefits. In: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Engineering Design (ICED '99). Design Society, pp. 799-804. ISBN 392297953X

Duffy, Alex H.B. and Smith, Joanne S. and Duffy, Sandra M. (1998) Design reuse research : a computational perspective. In: Engineering Design Conference on Design Reuse, 1998-06-23 - 1998-06-25.

Manfaat, D. and Duffy, A.H.D. and Lee, B.S. (1998) SPIDA: Abstracting and generalizing layout design cases. AI EDAM - Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing, 12 (2). pp. 141-159. ISSN 0890-0604

Kok Sim, Siang and Duffy, Alex H. B. (1998) A formalism for coupled design learning activities. In: Workshop on Machine Learning in Design 5th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Design (AID '98), 1998-07-19.

Sim, Siang Kok and Duffy, Alex H.B. (1998) A foundation for machine learning in design. AI EDAM - Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing, 12 (2). pp. 193-209. ISSN 0890-0604

Duffy, Alex H. B. and O'Donnell, Frank J.; Frankenberger, Eckart and Birkhofer, Herbert and Badke-Schaub, Petra, eds. (1998) A model of product development performance. In: Designers. Springer, DEU, pp. 269-283. ISBN 9781447112686

Guan, X. and MacCallum, K.J. and Duffy, A.H.B. (1997) Prototype system for supporting the incremental modelling of vague geometric configurations. International Journal on Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacture, 11 (4). pp. 287-310. ISSN 0890-0604

Duffy, Alex H. B. (1997) The 'what' and 'how' of learning in design, invited paper. IEEE Intelligent Systems, 12 (3). pp. 71-76. ISSN 1541-1672

Duffy, A.H.B. and Persidis, A. and MacCallum, K.J. (1996) NODES - A numerical and object based modelling system for conceptual engineering design. Knowledge Based Systems, 9 (3). pp. 183-206. ISSN 0950-7051

Duffy, A.H.B. and Duffy, Sandra M. (1996) Learning for design reuse. International Journal on Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacture, 10 (2). pp. 139-142. ISSN 0890-0604

Andreasean, M.M. and Duffy, A.H.B. and MacCallum, K.J. and Bowen, J. and Storm, T. (1996) The design co-ordination framework : key elements for effective product development. In: 1st International Engineering Design Debate, 1996-09-23 - 1996-09-24.

Duffy, S. M. and Duffy, A.H.B. and MacCallum, K.J.; (1995) A design reuse model. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Engineering Design (ICED 95). Heurista, pp. 490-495. ISBN 3856930280

Duffy, A.H.B. and Kerr, S.M. (1993) Customised pespectives of past designs from automated group rationalisations. Artificial Intelligence in Engineering, 8 (3). pp. 183-199. ISSN 0954-1810

Duffy, A.H.B. and Andreasen, M.M. and MacCallum, K.J. and Reijers, L.N. (1993) Design co-ordination for concurrent engineering. Journal of Engineering Design, 4 (4). pp. 251-265. ISSN 1466-1837

MacCallum, K.J. and Duffy, A.H.B. (1989) Computer representation of numerical expertise for preliminary ship design. Marine Technology, 26 (4). pp. 289-302. ISSN 0025-3316

MacCallum, K.J. and Duffy, A.H.B. (1987) An expert system for preliminary numerical design modelling. Design Studies, 8 (4). pp. 231-237. ISSN 0142-694X