Enhancement of harmonic generation using a two section undulator

Prazeres, R. and Glotin, F. and Jaroszynski, D.A. and Ortega, J.M. and Rippon, C. (1999) Enhancement of harmonic generation using a two section undulator. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 429 (1-3). pp. 131-135. ISSN 0168-9002 (http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9002(99)00092-3)

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Abstract

Enhancement of the 2nd and 3rd harmonic of the wavelength of a Free-Electron Laser (FEL) has been measured when a single electron beam is crossing a two-section undulator. To produce the harmonic radiation enhancement, the undulator is arranged so that the resonance wavelength of the 2nd undulator (downstream) matches a harmonic of the 1st undulator (upstream). Both the fundamental and the harmonic optical fields evolve in the same optical cavity and are coupled out with different extraction efficiency, through a hole in one of the cavity mirrors. We present measurements that show that the optical power at the 2nd and 3rd harmonic can be enhanced, by about one order of magnitude, in two configurations: when the resonance wavelength of the 2nd undulator matches the harmonic of 1st one (harmonic configuation), or when the gap of the 2nd undulator is slightly larger than first one (step-tapered configuration). We examine the dependence of the harmonic power on the gap of the 2nd undulator. This fundamental/harmonic mode of operation of the FEL may have useful applications in the production of coherent X-ray and VUV radiation, a spectral range where high reflectivity optical cavity mirrors are difficult or impossible to manufacture.

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